Research On Technical Characteristics Of Male Trampoline Routines

Trampoline is one of the competitive events which athletes use the elasticity of net to continuously complete a variety of somersaults; it belongs to categories of the performance of difficulty lead group. Since 2000, when the 27th Olympic Games set up two gold medals for the trampoline individual men and women, trampoline boarded the highest sports arena and became an official Olympic sport. After 2005 24th Trampoline World Championships Chinese trampoline team won the first medal, through unremitting efforts and pursuit, they gradually leading level in the world. In 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, China won two gold medals of both men and women personal projects. It marks that Trampoline has become the advantage event of China. Especially at the 2012 Olympic Games in London Chinese men’s trampoline athletes once again swept the men’s individual gold and bronze, showing a high level of competition. However, competitive events never have victorious slack. Dominance of Men’s trampoline athletes in the difficulty of the element selection and advantage sets of action completion is affected by Russia and other countries athletes, which put forward higher requirements for the development of men’s trampoline. Therefore, research on routines of outstanding male trampoline athletics has practical significance on maintaining the dominant and enhancing athletes’strength.This study based on the theoretical basis of Sports training and Sports biomechanics cognized and analyzed the construction on routines technical characteristics of men trampoline. The paper applied document research, expert interviews, participatory investigation, video analysis, logical analysis, and mathematical statistics etc. methods.Research the technique difficulty and arrange of outstanding trampoline routines on men trampoline athletics, eager to provide theoretical support for improve the competitive level of our men’s trampoline athletes. The research results show:1. The development of routines arrangement have 5 stages:Preliminary stage (1967-1968), typical elements were 803<、803o、800<、800o、801<、 801o、811oetc.; Intermediate stage(1972-1976), typical elements were 803o、 813o、831o、822/、822o、823o、821<、821o、803<、801<、811o、823oetc.; Leap development stage (1978-1999), typical elements were 12001<、 12101o、12001o、813<、813o、803<、803o、822/、821<、811<、811o、 833/ect.; high level maintaining stage (2001-2009), typical elements were 12001<、12101o、12001o、813<、831<、811/、823<、805<、821<、803<、 833/etc.; high level breakthrough development stage (2010-2013), typical elements were 12003<、12101<、12001<、12101o、12001o、12201<、805<、 831<、821<、831<、803<、833/etc.2. The common elements of men’s first routines including:30/(backward)-50o、 30/(forward)-50o; single somersault including:41/、40<、40o and 42/; double somersaults including 801o、801<、811o、844/、815<;triple somersaults including 12101<.3. The common element of men’s second routines including:12001<、 12001o、12101o、12003<、12101<; double somersaults including:803<、 811<、813<、821<、801<、833/、831<、811o、844/、822/、823/、813o、 805<、822o、800<、803o、823<.4. The arrangment of Men’s first routines always placed two elements which were calculated difficulty at the end of the routines,the second routines of Qualifying Round and the final routine by using alternate forward and backward somersault, triple somersaults were completed in the first half of it. Routines ended with the double somersaults which have maximum degrees twist.5. Based on the theoretical basis of Sports biomechanics divided trampoline routines into 5 phases:start jump, somersault and twist; layout, net-landing cushion, arm swing.6. Based on the theoretical basis of Sports training analyzed single element and routines. The component of single element including:gesture, action track, time, speed, power, velocity, rhythm. The component of routine including:single element, height, rhythm, combination, pre-jump action, cushion-jump action.7. Using qualitative indicators analyzed gesture of arms and legs, body gesture, position after opening, position after twist, horizontal displacement; using quantitative indicators analyzed routines, single element including time, height, straight speed, twist speed, somersault speed, horizontal displacement, shoulder level and hip angle during falling etc.7 indexes.flight time,difficulty and action rhythm are most important items.8. For the diagnosis targets of voluntary routines,4 indicators can reflect the technical level:pre jump frequency, time of flight, a high degree of consistency, the rhythm of element. Difficulty index is not significant. For the diagnosis index of voluntary routines,3 indicators can reflect the technical level:pre jump frequency, time of flight, the rhythm of element. The element difficulty and high consistency index is not significant.