The Effects Of Physical Exercise On Prompting The Self-control Of College Students And The Corresponding Characteristic Of Brain

As one of the effective means of preventing smoking behavior, physical exercise has received the support of some relevant theoretical and empirical findings. But it’s still unclear about the key reason. Cognitive neuroscience researches show that impaired self-control is the decisive factor of smoking behavior and improved self-control can help prevent the behavior. Meanwhile, exercise psychology shows that physical exercise which is one of the means to promote physical and psychological health can effectively improve self-control. These studies may suggest that physical exercise can prevent smoking behavior through improving self-control. In addition, most previous studies used before and after testing paradigm to explain the good effect of physical exercise on self-control and few focused on its time processing characteristics, the relationship between aerobic exercise and self-control in the one who smoking, as well as investigating the brain processing of the effect of physical exercise on self-control using ERP. So the study explored three questions: 1) Construct a model about the prevention of smoking behavior through physical exercise via self-control; 2) The time processing characteristics of the good effect of physical exercise on self-control; 3) The brain processing characteristics of the good effect of physical exercise on self-control. In order to provide theoretical and empirical evidence of exercise intervention of preventing smoking behavior, the study aims to verify physical exercise can inhibit the behavior through improving self-control.First of all, the study used Physical Activity Rating Scale(PARS-3), College Student Self-control Scale, Russell Reason of Smoking Questionnaire(RRSQ) and some other measurement tools. And the study used stratified random sampling method to select 1500 students in first, second and third grade in a university to construct equation model of prevention smoking via physical exercise based on collected data; Secondly, the study used stop-signal task and cross-over design within the group to explore 30 students’ inhibition ability on the onset, end and 30 minutes after the exercise in exercise and rest conditions based on the dose-response relationship between exercise intensity and self-control. The study collected some performance indicators during and 50 minutes after exercise and further examine the time course effect of moderate intensity on self-control; finally, the study used Go/Nogo task and ERP examining 17 higher fitness and lower smoking dependence(active group) as well as 17 lower fitness and higher smoking dependence(sedentary group) the ERP features of the effect of physical exercise on self-control.Our results showed that 1) for college students, the smoking dependence was low and the physical exercise volume was at a moderate level. Significantly, the physical exercise volume and smoking dependence of male students were all bigger than that of female students. There is a negative correlation between self-control and smoking dependence. Also, a negative correlation between the physical exercise volume and smoking dependence was found. And there is a positive correlation between physical exercise volume and self-control. The effect of physical exercise volume on smoking dependence could partly be explained by the mediation effect of self-control. Results(1) The subjects’ ability of response execution during exercise is superior to rest session.(2) The subjects’ ability of response execution during exercise better than rest session’s on second and third period of test.(3) The subjects’ ability of response inhibition during exercise better than rest session’s on three tests. The main results includes, first of all, exercise group had a shorter reaction time than static group(p = 0.017), and a higher successful inhibition than static group(p = 0.012). Secondly, in the Nogo task, the exercise group showed shorter latency of N2 than the static group(p < 0.001). Thirdly, the exercise group showed larger amplitude of P3 than the static group(p < 0.001) in Nogo task.In conclusion, physical exercise has positive effect on smoking prevention of college students. And self-control takes partial mediation effect in this relationship. In a dual-task paradigms, moderate exercise has beneficial effects on motor response and cognitive control, beneficial effects lasts up to 50 minutes after exercise. Higher physical activity students performed stop-signal task with both faster response execution and inhibition processing, for more cognitive resources is needed when performing a more difficult self-control task.