| Land use can be considered as a purposefully social-economy activity during human history, and interacted with human conducts, gradually the huge land use system shaped, which refers to all the aspects of society, economy and nature. In China, due to the huge number of the population, the conflict between the population and relatively limited land resources especially the farmland resources, as well as the requirement for developing the economic and improving the condition of production and living standards, the research on land-use has higher realistic Significance.Land fragmentation, in which a household operates more than one separate plot of land, is a common phenomenon in many countries all over the world, especially in developing countries, including China. With the implementation of house responsibility system (HRS) at the beginning of the eighties of the20th century, the farmland system of our country is turned into collectives possession, peasant household management from collective possession, collectives management, i. e. individual land of peasant household’s management replace production-team’s collective management. On one hand, the rural land reform promoted China’s agricultural development and increased peasants’s income, on the other hand, the rural land reform made of our country farmland divide in small, scattered, and fragmented. Agricultural landholdings in China have an average size of only0.368hectares and are divided over six different plots on average. some regions, land fragmentation is in even higher degree.With the review to the researches of land fragmentation, the results shows that, land fragmentation can have both beneficial and adverse side-effects on agricultural. For instance, it can reduce agricultural production risk through diversification; it may enable household to allocate their own labor over the season; land fragmentation in certain degree is likely to impose important constraints to current government policies aimed at supporting the incomes of rural households, raising domestic grain production, and promoting the overall production capacity of agricultural sector in order to meet the challenges posed by foreign competition. Land fragmentation, however, is still often believed to be one of the major obstacles existing in rural land management. Land fragmentation wasted cultivated land resources due to ridge of field, and increased production cost for multiple travel among land plots, and reduced the efficiency of agriculture machine and economies of scale, and prevented the realization of mechanization modernization, and increased negative effect of agricultural production. Thus, land fragmentation induces the social efficiency.Land fragmentation which is one of land-use patterns, and land sustainable utilization, which is the ultimate goal of land-use, are both important sub-topics in land-use research, as well as the relationship between them should be a important part in land fragmentation research. Therefore, this study taking Fenyi county as an example, by collecting interpreted maps from remote sensing images, land use maps for different years, a series of non-spatial attribute data, and socio-economic statistics, it constructs a spatial database of land use for Fenyi County. In support of the database, this study using the method based on landscape pattern analysis, analyzes evolution of land fragmentation, the state of land fragmentation in different regions, and the sustainable capability of land use in different regions, aims to find out the relationship between land fragmentation and land sustainable use, as well as the impacts from land fragmentation on the every goals of land sustainable use. The main content of the statements and conclusions are as follows:First, research on the evolution of land fragmentation in Fenyi County. In this part, the indicators and methods reflecting the state of land fragmentation at county level are selected to analyze land-use pattern in different periods and the changes of land-use character, as well as pattern and changes of land fragmentation for different land-use types. The result shows that, affected by China Land Reform——implementation of house responsibility system (MRS), from the year1988to1995, land fragmentation degree was aggravated in Fenyi County. In the1990s, because of collective land had be already divided into each agricultural landholdings, the trend of land fragmentation was eased, and the pattern of land use was relative stability. The result also shows that, different types of land had varying fragmentation degree, and also different ranges of land patter change in the past17years. The patterns of paddy fields and forest land were stable, at the same time, the pattern of dry land and rural residential land were changed obviously, which had a lowest degree in land fragmentation, and much more regular and simple plots in the year2005. Second, research on different regions’land fragmentation pattern in Fenyi County. In this part, we used indicators and methods reflecting the state of land fragmentation at smaller range level to analyze the status quo of different towns’land fragmentation patterns in the year2004, as well as to analyze the differences of the spatial site among main land-use types. The results shows that, the indicators from landscape pattern analysis were been confirmed appropriate for meso-scale land-use researches. If on the more or less same background, such as land use form, land management policies, the factors of topography, geomorphology and the latitude, etc, were significant important to impact the degree of land fragmentation. Through, if topography, geomorphology and the latitude were similar, land use fragmentation was affected significantly by the factors of economic development and land use form. The result of different types of land use zoning study shows that, paddy field and dry land, both of those land use types had the highest fragmentation pattern degree in southern low mountains area of Fenyi County, followed by the central plain area, while the lowest level was at the northern hilly area. But for the use type of forest, the land on the central plain area had the highest fragmentation pattern degree, while the land on the southern low mountains area and northern hilly area had a much lower fragmentation degree; for the use type of rural residential, the land on central plain area was higher than the land on southern low mountains area, which was higher than the land on northern hilly.Third, the study of influence mechanism of land fragmentation to sustainability of land utilization, and evaluation index system. Learning from the experience and the results of previous studies, this paper analyzed the reasons of the formation of land fragmentation, the influence mechanism of land fragmentation to sustainability of land utilization, and constructed the index system for evaluating the sustainability of land utilization on the pattern of fragmentation, and then, took empirical analysis.The results show that, land fragmentation can have both beneficial and adverse side-effects on sustainable land use, it can be summed up as follows:such as by reducing the productivity of farmland, reducing the ability of crop yields, reducing ecological sensitivity, increasing the difficulty of irrigation, and so on, land fragmentation had17negative impact on land use, at the same time, by reducing agricultural production risk through the promotion of diversification, improving biodiversity, improving the utilization of labor resources, land fragmentation had4positive impact on land use. The impact of different influence mechanism on the5goals of sustainable land use objectived different results. The result of the evaluation of10towns in Fenyi County showed that, Qianshan town had a highest land sustainability score, followed by was Fenyi town, while Gaolan country was the lowest. Through the sustainable use of5goals, as well as comprehensive evaluation index of cluster analysis, the conclusion could be summarized as it had a higher land fragmentation degree in the southern mountain villages than in the northern villages.Fourth, the study on the relevance of land fragmentation and sustainable land utilization. Based on the results of previous study in this paper, we researched the associated relationship between land fragmentation and sustainable land utilization, by a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The result shows that, the degree of land fragmentation had significant negative impact on the sustainability of land use. That means, the higher degree of land fragmentation corresponding a lower sustainability of land-use. At the same time, the sustainability of land use affected by the index of plot fragmentation was much stronger, when a unit increased of the index of plot fragmentation, the sustainability of land-use reduced3.166units as follow. Though, the index of average area of the plot is considered to be most important indicators in the previous research on land fragmentation, and has been widely used to measure the degree of fragmentation, but, this indicator had the lowest impact on land use sustainability according to the research, with an average increase of one unit of the indicator of average plot area, the sustainability of land-use increased only0.01units as follow. |
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