| 21st century is the era of knowledge economy. The leading role of high-techindustry has become more evident as a pillar industry of the era of knowledge economy.It has important theoretical and practical significance for high-tech industry growing，hisstudy focuses on enhancing the economic efficiency of high-tech industry. On the onehand, it can enrich technical systems theory and reveals whether if it has a significantimpact between the technical system and China’s high-tech industries; On the other hand,high-tech industries have high-tech features with typical technology-intensivecharacteristics comparing the other industries. Therefore, it is very necessary to studycomprehensive economic efficiency of high-tech industry, it plays a key role for a leadingof high-tech industry.The paper applies the study methods of literature, theoretical research and empiricalanalysis, quantitative research and qualitative research, multi-disciplinary cross-Fusionmethod combining. It uses the analytic tools of SPSS16.0,deap2.1and Eviews6.0tostudy economic efficiency of High-tech Industries in China based on the perspective oftechnical systems as following:(1)This paper sorts out the relevant literatures, such asliteratures of the economic efficiency theory, which including classical economicefficiency theory, new-classical economic growth theory, economic efficiency of moderneconomic theory; the literatures of the economic efficiency of high-tech industries indomestic and international; the relevant research of technical systems theory, whichincluding the concept of the technology system, the type of the technology system and soon.(2) Based on the literature and theoretical research, on the one hand, this paperdefines the four variables of technology system which include technologicalopportunities (OPPO), appropriability of innovation (APPR), properties of theknowledge base (PROP), accessibility to external knowledge flows (ACEE);on the otherhand, this paper investigates the model of measuring economic efficiency as thestochastic frontier analysis SFA model and data envelopment analysis DEA model,Summing up and comparing the two model differences in measuring economic efficiency.(3) Proposing the hypothesis for a technology system and China’s high-tech industry economic efficiency, and further the paper analyzes the current situation of thetechnology system of China’s high-tech industrial. Based on the variables and dataselection Principle, the paper constructs the regression model for a technical systemand China’s high-tech industry economic efficiency, and the DEA model for measuringChina’s high-tech industry economic efficiency with input and output indicators.(4)Onempirical analysis, one hand,this paper test and verify the significant differencesbetween the economic efficiency of Chinese high-tech industry in sectors and regional;on the other hand,based on the test results, this paper proposes policy recommendationsand the directions for future research.Based on the above theoretical discussion and empirical research, the results and thepossible innovations are as follows:(1) This paper constructs the four variables of technology system, and studies thedifferent of the technical system of China high-tech industry in industry and regional.From the industry perspective, in2003-2009, in the average technology system of thefive industries, MMED is significantly higher than the other four industry, MAS isrelatively low. From a regional perspective, it has the obvious regional differences in thefour variables of technology system in the high-tech industry, in the2003-2007, theeastern region is higher than the central and western regions, and the western region isweaker than the other two regions. View from the country’s22provinces and cities, in2003-2009, Beijing and Liaoning are the highest in the average ACEE,, Tianjin andShanghai are the highest in the average APPR, Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Shandong arerelatively higher provinces in the average PROP,, Tianjin is the highest in the averageACEE.(2) Results show that the economic efficiency of high-tech industry by industry andregional development are uneven from an empirical analysis. On the one hand, theeconomic efficiency value1are as MEECE, MCOE and MMEMI from the five mainChinese high-tech industry, the economic efficiency value0.8-1is the industry as MMED,while the economic efficiency value of the MAS is only0.244, less than0.5. Obviouslythe MEECE, MCOE and MMEMI industries have developed better comparatively, so theinput and output indicators re relative valid. While the input and output indicators inMMED and MAS industries have not reached relatively high efficiency, for example, MMED larger scale, investment in fixed assets at theoriginal price index, S&T budget,staff working on R&D equivalent to full-time and staff working on technologicalactivities are redundant and inefficient. The MAS owns relatively smaller scale, and thecost of putting into index S&T budget, staff on R&D activities equivalent to full-timeand technological activities are redundant and inefficient. On the other hand, from theresults of regional economic efficiency of China’s high-tech industry, the eastern, centraland western regions are decreasing scale returns, input and output indicators elementsproductivity are not in relatively high levels. Fixed assets putting into the original priceindex, S&T budget, and R&D activity equivalent to full-time, staff working on scientificand technological activities are redundant and inefficient in central and western regions.The economic efficiency results from22provinces and cities, except that Beijing, Tianjin,Jiangsu, Guangdong, Shandong owing the value1, all of the other provinces have lowerthe economic efficiency value, some input indicators such as the issues of the originalprice of fixed assets, funding science and technology activities, staff on R&D activityequivalent to full-time and staff on scientific and technological activities are redundantand inefficient.(3) According to the research results between technical system and Chinesehigh-tech industry economic efficiency on empirical analysis, technical system has asignificant influence on the economic efficiency of China’s high-tech industry. On theone hand, from the industry panel data regression results, there was a significant positivecorrelation between technological opportunities, appropriability of innovation, propertiesof the knowledge base, accessibility to external knowledge flows and economicefficiency of China’s high-tech industry. It plays an important role to improve theeconomic efficiency of Chinese high-tech industry in technology opportunities andaccessibility of external knowledge. In addition, innovative exclusive has a positiveinfluence to economic efficiency too, even although this correlation was not significant,it still do a favor for enhancing overall economic efficiency of China high-tech industry.On the other hand, from regional panel data regression results, there are all a significantpositive correlation for technical opportunities, accessibility to external knowledge flowsto the economic efficiency of China’s high-tech industry, they pass the t test, indicatingthat technological opportunities and accessibility to external knowledge flows play a significant role in enhancing the economic efficiency of Chinese high-tech industry.Appropriability of innovation has a negative correlation between and economic efficiency,showing that the appropriability of innovation of high-tech industry is not conducive toenhance China’s overall economic efficiency. Properties of the knowledge base have apositive correlation to economic efficiency, although this correlation was not significant,it is still an active role to enhance economic efficiency of Chinese high-tech. |
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