| Agriculture is a natural-artificial composite ecosystem,to provide people with food, raw materials, but also provides many ecosystem services,such as regulation of climate, clean environment, water conservation, soil conservation, nutrient cycling, maintaining biodiversity.Especially in the context of shortage of resources, the continued deterioration of ecological environment, the agricultural ecosystem services can’t be ignored. Ecological service vaiue is the eco-system service function of the monetization. The current research on the agro-ecosystem service value is mainly concentrated in the forests, grasslands, water, wet ground, whiie the arable land eco-system service value just started. Existing research results indicate that arable also has a high ecoiogical value, by using economic mechanisms constrain(?) on the behavior of the uncontrolled use of cultivated iand to facilitate the coordination of the relationship between arable protection and economic construction. Therefore, the study of cultivated land ecosystem has important practical significance. The problem are needed to solve that how to find a balance between the protection of ecological services value of cultivated land and agricultural industrial restructuring,and how to optimize the arable value of ecosystem services through the agricultural structure adjustment, under the premise of protect the supply ability of agricultural productsThis paper complete the following work in fou" areas:Firs:, the study is on agricultural industrial structure adjustment of arable ecosystem. Second, the study is on the arable ecosystem service value of the spatial and temporal characteristics and changes in the law. Third, the study is on adjustment the industrial structure of agriculture changes in the value of arable ecological services. Fourth, the study is on ecosystem services and their values optimized under the premise that enhance the support capability of the supply of agricultural arable. Mainly the following conclusions:(1) The agricultural structure adjustment has a complex impact on arable ecosystem services Both in the regulation of climate, clean environment, to maintain the positive effects of soil, and also includes fertilizers, pesticides in long-term excessive use and application methods and the ratio of the irrational, the unscientific use of plastic sheeting, improper handling of animal manure, etc. the negative impact. Arable ecosystem services have different effects on the evolution stage of the industrial structure of agriculture in both the macro level, there are micro-level function of arable land use structure change by changing the agricultural micro-climate and environment, to change the law of the migration of soil nutrients, and change of cultivated land to clean up the environment affect arable ecosystem services.(2) The arable land of Sichuan Province has a high value of ecosystem services and significant changes on the spatial and temporal, The value of ecosystem services in2010is268.2billion Yuan in Emergy method,is298.8billion Yuan in the relatively mature Value method, a difference of both is about10%, This indicates that the value to estimate The value of ecosystem services is credible. Sichuan arable ecosystem service value from the time difference of view between1980and2010overall was a tortuous growth trends; from the point of view of spatial differences, the regional differences in arable ecological services value larger, Nanchong City, reaching the city, Chengdu arable ecological system value, Ganzi, Aba, Ya’an City, arable ecosystem service value smaller; From the perspective of the proportion of the share value of various ecosystem services, the largest share of cleaning up the environment value and the value of gas regulation, while the other functions of several types of ecosystem service value is smaller; From the perspective of cultivated land use, winter fallow farmland ecological service value in the lowest position.(3) Crop sown area of grain, economic crops and crop plantings, paddy fields and dry land area, agricultural power consu(?)ption, agricultural machinery, power, multiple cropping index are the main factor of the impact of arable land ecosystems, including the proportion of grain, economic crops and crop and crop acreage a higher degree. In the long run, there are positive changes among the sown area of grain crops, cash crops sown area and arable land ecological service value The impact of food crops on arable land ecological environment is greater than the cash crops. Rice, wheat, maize, potato fuel, and other major crops sown area had a positive relationship with arable land ecological service value. Rice, wheat, oil has higher degree of influence to arable ecologicaLenvironment. From the overall perspective, the sown area of grain crops, cash crops acreage changes is caused by reason of changes in the value of arable ecosystem services; acreage of rice, wheat, corn, potato, oil change is caused by the change of cultivated land value of ecosystem services. At the same time, the arable land the value of ecosystem services is mainly accumulated by itself. With the accumulation of time, the effect on arable ecological value from the crop acreage is strengthened Year after year.(4)Under the premise of enhance the supply of agricultural support capability, and stabilize food production. The five-twelve period to achieve the optimization of the Sichuan arable ecosystem service value, the need for arable land use types to do the following adjustments:First, it is to add middle-season rice, late rice and oil-bearing crops sown area of crops; Second, it is to keep the early rice, wheat, corn, potato, soybean, peanuts crop plantings remain unchanged; Third, it is to make full use of winter fallow farmland, increase the rape, vegetables, wheat planting area. The innovations of this study are:First, the research content is innovation. The analysis of the agricultural structure adjustment of arable ecosystem services, summarized the evaluation of the impact factors, and the importance of the sort found that arable land use structure affect the degree of ecosystem service value of arable. On this basis, discussed under the premise to enhance the supply of agricultural support capabilities, how to maximize the value of arable ecological-economic value through the adjustment of cultivated land use types, Second. the research methods are Innovative. The introduction of Emergy analysis method estimates the Sichuan Province and its21cities (state) of arable land, the value of ecological services, to reveal the spatial and temporal characteristics and evolution, and the relatively mature Value method be corroborated. |
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