| Transportation, which plays the role of the foundation and precondition of human survival and development, is one kind of industry of fundamentality, guidance and security, and its development has undertaken an important and direct relationship with the development of regional economy. Therefore it has evolved from the monotony to diversification, combined with the economic development and scientific advance. Hence it has developed the integrated transportation system (ITS, the same as below) of dynamic integration, coordinated division of labor and mutual effect. This paper has probed further into the ITS, which consists of railway, highway, aviation, water and tunnel transport. Actually this system will be an irresistible trend of the development of transportation and the objective requirement of regional economic development.In recent years, China has continually established the regional economic spatial pattern (abbreviated RESP as below). In the process some have joined the leading national strategic regions, and we are facing a various recombination and reconstruction of the RESP, which the ITS should keep the pace of and be consistently perfected so as to exert the basic supporting role of the regional economy. Therefore this paper, which is based on the research perspective of spatial economics, economic geography, transport economics, has selected the proposition as the object of research and study that the ITS should create and optimize the regional economy. By consulting and collecting the relevant articles and reference materials available, this dissertation, which is on the basis of field research data, has utilized such research methods as qualitative research and analysis, comprehensive summary and inductive argument. Also this paper has combined the ITS and the evolution of the RESP from the research perspectives of geography, economics, history and development, through relevant research methods, and has explored the avenues for its internal mechanism and its optimization. Furthermore, this paper has revealed, by the predictors of the basic factors, mobile factors and typical traffic aisle variations, how the ITS causes the evolution of the RESP. Thus we can find the universal law of regional economy which is affected by the ITS. Generally, the conclusions are as follows: 1. The inseparable associations between transportation and regional economy. On one hand, transportation, by spurring the regional economy growth, promoting the industrial structure optimization, and attracting population and urban agglomeration, is affecting and shaping the RESP. On the other hand, the development of regional economy and the evolution of spatial pattern are affecting its transportation, namely, the latter is leading the former (transportation) in the direction of reasonable layout, cooperative labor, mature network and high efficiency. Hence we can say transportation is the foundation of regional economic development, and a basic component of regional economy as well.2. ITS should adapt to the development of regional economy through two main dimensions----time and space. Its adaptability reflects on the following two aspects:From the viewpoint of time, the regional economic development in different stages requires different circuit structure and collaborative relationship of ITS. In spatial dimension, ITS is required to constructed according to the features of the RESP and equivalent future layout tendency.3. The three basic factors of ITS are transportation infrastructure, transportation accessibility and transport efficiency. On the interior, they have such relationship as layer-by-layer interaction and gradient advancement. Transportation infrastructure can affect both in intra-regional and inter-regional transportation accessibility, while the latter can act on the transport efficiency. What’s more, the three factors affect respectively the RESP, and all affect the evolution and development of the RESP. In other words, transportation infrastructure is affecting and shaping the RESP by acting on the joint and territory of regional economy. Transportation accessibility is affecting and shaping the RESP by influencing transportation cost, changing the spatial agglomeration and promoting industry factor diffusion and leading urban spatial layout. Transport efficiency is affecting and shaping the RESP by altering transportation cost, upgrading transportation industry.4. From the viewpoint of factor mobility, ITS’dynamic mechanism on the RESP includes dynamic generative mechanism and dynamic transmission mechanism. Its motive power is mainly derived from the advance of productive forces and the development of traffic techniques in transportation departments, which have set up the ITS under the supervising of government and market development. ITS has activated the regional factors in a special area to set up a "Transportation Economic Belt" through space-time contraction effect. And then it plays an important role in affecting and shaping the RESP.5. ITS has different effects on the layout and shaping of RESP in various levels. Overall analysis in our country suggests that the ITS runs approximately half century because of late start. Various emphasis are put to the mode of transportation and exists some differences on the development of ITS. Hence there exists different influence on the RESP.Based on the development track of the ITS in China, and combined its development reality and research need, this paper, with the aid of the existing panel data (1978-2011), has differentiated "Four Sections" of the ITS and conducted its test analysis by using the predictor volumes of tonnage mileage, passenger turnover, GDP, per capita GDP and DUM. The findings show that China’s ITS has obvious effect and shaping on the RESP and the "Four Sections" is listed successively the East, the West, the Northeast and the Central parts. In addition, this paper has conducted one-whole-year analysis verification (2011) with the artificial neural network model. At intermediate level, this paper has conducted the analysis of accessibility within91counties in Shandong Province and drawn the conclusion that there has been big differences among the above counties with the variable coefficient of0.349and index range of5.45. So this paper has discussed the relationship between the strength and weakness of the accessibility in each county and the regional economic plates of coastal economic belt and the metropolitan area oriented Ji’nan, capital of Shandong Province. Besides this paper has summarized one elementary path of the harmonious development between the ITS and the regional economic plate in Shandong Province.6. The traffic aisle, as the transportation line formed in the process of "spot-axis" development, is one of the important veins of the ITS. With the consistent improvement of the ITS, the expressway and high speed railway, which can accomplish rapidly the spatial displacement of passengers and freight, are paid higher attention to due to the features of speediness, efficiency, less panel joints and relative closure. Thus the "Twin Passageway" of the modern ITS has occurred. Obviously the "Twin Passageway" has promoted the industry factors, population migration and urban emergence and has more effect and shaping on the RESP than the other means of transportation does.All in all, the content of this paper is mainly divided into8parts.Part I is introduction, which mainly includes the background, significance, content of research, and its research methods and techniques. This part has established the research approach, structure and main ideas.Part II is about the relevant research review both at home and abroad. Sorting out the theories at home and abroad respectively and analyzing the previous research results, this part generalizes the research trend, the joint point and the research direction.Part III deals with the conceptual framework and theoretical basis. This part summarizes the relevant research and study by some scholars at home and abroad respectively. Based on their judgment and connotation of the ITS and the RESP, this part defines and analyzes the relevant concepts, inscapes and influence factors, and discusses the adaptability in time and space of the ITS and regional economy. Most importantly this part brings about the theoretical basis of this paper.Part IV talks about the effective and dynamic mechanisms of the ITS and the RESP. This part analyzes the main mechanism of the ITS and regional economy from a macro-economic perspective and basic elements, also analyzes the dynamic mechanism from the perspective of flow factors. Thus three perspectives can help construct the basic foundation framework for the later work.Part V tells the influence and shaping of the representative traffic channels to the RESP. Taking the example of the super highway and express railway, this part discusses the influence and shaping of the representative traffic channels to the RESP. Owing to the advantages of fast speed, better closure and limited pitch points, the super highway and express railway quickly stimulate the spatial agglomeration of local production factors, initiate the change of industrial structure and the growth of the economic aggregate, and thus bring about the rapid evolution of RESP. Research suggests that typical traffic channels have significant influence on the RESP. Part VI is about the empirical study. This part has carried on the regional empirical research on China as a large scale macro-areas and Shandong Province as a medium scale area, analyzing respectively the development course of both China and Shandong Province, what’s more, investigating the current development of ITS and RESP. In addition, this part discusses the influence and effect of the ITS on the RESP and finally draws the relevant conclusions.Part VII offers the strategic countermeasures of developing and optimizing the ITS. Analyzing the research above and combining the current situation and requirement, this part has come up with the guiding ideology, strategic development mentality and countermeasures to optimize its development.And the last part is conclusion and prospect. Based on the summary of the main contents discussed above, this part describes this dissertation’s theoretic and practical contributions, draws the final conclusion, and directs the follow-up study. All in all, this paper will have great significance in looking far ahead into the future. |
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