| Since the reform and opening up,China's economic and social development has made remarkable achievements,but it has also paid a heavy price in the ecological environment.In essence,regional development is the sustainable development of the region,including the three major areas of economic,social and ecological environment.It is a process of synergy between the three subsystems.At present,China is increasingly aware that the ecological environmental protection is so important that fleetly promotes the process of regional sustainable development.The evolution of the development pattern of regional subsystems is affected by many factors.From the perspective of geography,the formation of a regional natural spatial pattern is based on the law of natural geographical differentiation.However,The subsequent evolution,the regional development pattern of economic,social and ecological environment,is closely related to the original natural spatial pattern.The comprehensive and objective analysis of the rengional development pattern contribute to the formulate and implement regional development strategy.The study is divided into eight chapters: The first chapter introduces the background and significance of the regional development pattern,systematically summarizes the research status at home and abroad,and establishes the research ideas and methods.The second chapter summarizes and defines related concepts and explains the theoretical basis of the research;The third chapter is based on the natural spatial pattern of Shandong Province,focusing on the natural environment under different natural spatial patterns and its status in the country;The fourth chapter analyzes the spatial pattern evolution of the regional economic,social and ecological environment of Shandong Province from the county scale and its status in the country;The fifth chapter constructs the evaluation index system of regional sustainable development in Shandong Province,and analyzes the evolution process and influencing factors of regional sustainable development pattern in Shandong Province;The sixth chapter analyzes the spatial pattern evolution and its implementation effectsand problems in the implementation of regional development strategies in Shandong Province at different stages;The seventh chapter proposes the optimization proposal of regional development pattern based on the location advantage and inter-regional relationship of Shandong Province.The eighth chapter concludes and forecasts,summarizes the research results,innovation points,and proposes future research directions for the shortcomings in the research.Through the above research content,the following main conclusions are drawn:(1)The study analyzes and summarizes the spatial evolution characteristics of the dominant factors in the development pattern of the three sub-systems of Shandong's regional economic,social and ecological environment.The spatial evolution characteristics of economic subsystem elements:From 2000 to 2016,the industrial structure of counties in Shandong Province was continuously optimized,the influence of natural factors on industrial structure was weakened.The economic density gathering point gradually transform from a double agglomeration point to a multi-aggregation point.The economic center of gravity has dramatically moved toward the southeast.The spatial evolution characteristics of social subsystem elements: The agglomeration points of the spatial distribution population density were not at completely odds with economic density agglomeration points from 2000 to2016.The population's center of gravity has slightly moved toward the southwest.Each county's urbanization level has been continuously improved,even the urbanization level of some county units has stabilized.The per capita income larger ratio of urban and rural areas was concentrated in Luzhongnan,Ludong and Lubei coastal areas.The spatial evolution characteristics of ecological environment subsystem elements:The county's air quality condition in Shandong Province generally declined from 2000 to 2016.The overall situation was Ludong>Lubei coastal>Luxibei>Luxinan>Luzhongnan.The situation of water pollution was Haihe River Basin>Huaihe River Basin>Yellow River Basin.To some extent,the water ecosystems are facing threats and forest ecosystems are relatively fragile.(2)It analyzes and summarizes the status of the development of the three sub-systems of regional economic,social and ecological environment in Shandong Province.From the perspective of economic development,The Shandong Province has a large economy,but the per capita possession is relatively insufficient;the level of innovation input continues to increase,but the industrial structure is still unreasonable.Compared with the developed coastal provinces,the tertiary industry accounts for less than the economy,and the economy is large but not strong.The dependence on foreign trade has been relatively stable for many years,but it is lower than the major coastal provinces and the national average.In term of social development,The urbanization rate in Shandong Province has grown rapidly,but the level of urbanization is still lower than that of developed coastal provinces.such as Guangdong,Zhejiang and Jiangsu.The per capita income level is low in urban and rural areas,and the gap is quite large between rich and poor.From the point of ecological environmental development,The energy consumption of Shandong Province is higher than that of the developed coastal provinces,and the structure of energy consumption is unreasonable;the discharge of major pollutants is lower than the national average,but there is still a gap with the developed coastal provinces;the main ecological environmental indicators are lower than the national average,and there is high pressure in the ecological environmental protection.(3)The characteristics of regional sustainable development pattern in Shandong Province were analyzed and summarized.The level of sustainable development and the status in various subsystems are obvious differences among county of Shandong Province,and it appears to regional characteristics.In 2000,the county's economic and social development indexes were inconsistent with the ecological environment index in Shandong Province,and there were obvious characteristics of “high in east and low in west,high in north and low in south”.The feature of comprehensive index of sustainable development showed “intermediate in high,low in north and south”.The social development index generally declined in 2008.The number of county has decreased in the high-level districts of the Regional Sustainable Development Comprehensive Index.By 2016,the changes in the three subsystem development indices will be multi-polarized.the social development index has generally pick up,and the low levels districts of comprehensive index of the regional sustainable development have been decreasing.From 2000 to 2016,the number of hot-spots and cold-spots decreased,and the number of sub-hot and sub-cold increased in the sustainable development aspect of Shandong Province.The distribution pattern of cold-spots and hot-spots of regional sustainable development is basically consistent with the spatial distribution of regional sustainable development levels.(4)It analyzes and summarizes the implementation performance and problems of the regional development strategy of Shandong Province.The implementation of the regional development strategy of Shandong Province has achieved remarkable results,it has promoting the economic and social development and improving the ecological environment in all sectors.However,there are still some problems.The regional economic development index is declining at different stages,and the gap between the inter-regional index is also widening,it indicate that the development gap between the regional internal and inter-regional is expanding.The polarization effect is greater than the diffusion effect in the development of inter-regional,and the developed regions have not played their due role in radiation.The evolution process of regional subsystems and comprehensive development level basically follows G.Mydral's regional cycle accumulation causal principle,The changes in all aspects have causal accumulation and rise in the ideal economic development area.The causal accumulation of changes in all aspects is declining in the relatively backward strategic planning area.(5)Based on the analysis of the location advantages and Inter-regional contact of different scales in Shandong Province,the optimization plan of regional development pattern in Shandong Province was proposed.The study divided the regional development pattern of Shandong Province into four large regions and nine sub-regions,four large areas are Ludong Marine Economic Development Zone,Luzhong Open Innovation Cooperation Zone,Luxibei Coordination Fusion Development Zone and Lunan Ecological Economic Development Zone.In the future,The Ludong Marine Economic Development Zone will rely on the advantages of marine resources to optimize and upgrade,it needs to clarify the development orientation of the world and enhance its international competitiveness.The Luzhong Open Innovation Cooperation Zone strives for national-level strategic support to optimize industrial structure and improve the ecological environment.The Luxibei Coordination Fusion Development Zone needs to promote cooperation with the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Coordinated Development Zone and the Cricum Bohai Sea Region.The inter-regional focuses on the optimization of ecologically fragile areas and the main agricultural production areas.The Lunan Ecological Economic Development Zone focuses on cross-provincial exchanges and cooperation toward the south and the west.The inter-regional should promote the improvement of economicand social development.Meanwhile,it needs to avoid the deterioration of the quality of the ecological environment and to narrow the development gap with other regions.The study has the following innovations:It breakthroughs analyze the background of the spatial pattern of regional development from the administrative division to the natural geographical environment,and the traditional regional economic development spatial pattern replaces the regional development pattern to the regional sustainable development pattern;It uses the "time + interface" and "process + pattern" research perspectives of geography research,focusing on different scales and stages;It adheres to the combination of single factor quantitative verification and comprehensive integration multi-factor quantitative analysis.Due to the limitations of data acquisition,the study needs to be further improvement in evolution timing extension,evaluation index construction and spatial pattern optimization.In the future,the study should continuously extend the research time series,deeply explore the influence of natural environmental factors,increase the relevant indicators of natural factors and institutional cultural elements,and enhance the comprehensiveness and objectivity of evaluation. |
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