| Regional differences reveal the basic characteristics of the distribution between geographical and cultural-economically governing on surface of the nature, according to local conditions is a fundamental concept that geography expresses its value in the field of application services, while the eternal proposition is reasonable allocation of the spatial structure and orderly evolution of the spatial structure. In general, the regional development is mainly to pursue the space allocation model aiming for profits maximization of economic activities and services, and it often leads to the imbalance of regional development and the problems of ignoring ecological environment construction. With the rise of new economic geography, geography scholars begin to re-examine the traditional regional development theory of the only economic growth and profits maximization, and focus on the overall optimization of the regional economic, social and environmental benefits, and actively explore the win-win regional development mode of economy and environment. In this context, aiming for spatial equilibrium of regional development and exploring the development mechanism and mode of different major functional areas not only contributes to the cognitive deepening of the regional differentiation method, but also expands regional development theories and methods.Firstly, starting from the spatial equilibrium content and combined with the concept of vulnerability, the paper puts forward to the measure of spatial equilibrium. Secondly, based on the analysis of the general mechanism for regional development, it discusses the differentiation development dynamic regimes of different major functional areas. Thirdly, The paper selects Xing ping, Chengcheng and Taibai the three counties as an empirical study areas. According to the pressure on resources and environment, social and economic development potential, environmental pressures and ecological resistance factors, it builds analysis model to determine the major functional areas position of the three cities and counties. Fourthly, the paper builds a vulnerability assessment model to study the vulnerability and the evolution process of the three study areas. Finally, using the SD model and regarding the minimization of vulnerability as the restrictions, the paper carries out analogue simulation on the different major functional areas and discusses the development model suited to local conditions. Main contents and conclusions are as follows:(1) Building a general framework of the mechanism of regional development. Regional development is the result of multiple factors, there are four reasons promoting the city and county development, they are environmental trigger force, the factors of production and industrial development, cultural power, space power, which constitute the logical structure of the regional development mechanisms. To explore the development mechanism, optimization and development model in different major functional areas, basing on the reality of regional differences and the necessity of space equilibrium, has important theoretical and practical significance for promoting the rational allocation of the regional spatial elements and orderly evolution of the spatial structure.(2) Investigating the development mechanism of the major functional areas. In urbanized areas, it refer to the interaction of industrial development, social-cultural and policy systems, which promote the aggregation and the continuous development of industry and population. In rural areas, it refer to agricultural development and development of the auxiliary industries, where agricultural development is the active force, embodied in a social function, namely to ensure food security, supporting industries made the healthy development of agriculture and regional. In ecological regions, it refer to two power systems of internal and external interactions, the internal motivation reflects the growing power, while the external driving force are drive by the force of the external environment.(3) Basing on the pressure on resources and environment, social and economic development potential, environmental pressures and ecological resistance factor, this paper builds a functional area assessment model, and analyzes the study area. The results showed that:Xing ping City Composite Index is the highest (0.3883), which is the urbanized areas of the development class, whereas Chengcheng County (-0.2812) and Taibai (-0.1061) are negative, which are the limited developmental class region, combined with the land use status, Chengcheng County was identified as agricultural areas, and the Taibai was identified as ecological regions.(4) Establishing the main functional areas under the main function-oriented regional evaluation index system, the evolution of vulnerability analysis of the different main functional areas.The results showed that Xingping City in1991to2010, the vulnerability slow declined. During the20years,1991to2001volatility increased, and2002to2010vulnerability index dropped from8.26to1.61, the vulnerability decreased gradually; Chengcheng County’s vulnerability dropped from5.11in1991to0.17in2010, which is mainly attributed to taking agriculture as the main development direction in long-term in this county, especially the beneficial polices for peasants taken by our country reduce the vulnerability of the region; Taibai’s vulnerability showed a faster decline trend, especially2000to2010the vulnerability index dropped from4.62to0.12, which is mainly due to the establishment of ecological county as the development direction of this county in2003, and the development of ecological resource-based industry reduce its vulnerability rapidly. Taking Xingping、Chengcheng and Taibai’s vulnerability reducing speed in comparison from2010to2000, they relatively are5.4、9.7、38.5, and so far as the spatial equilibrium speed is concerned, the Taibai> Chengcheng County> Xing Ping City.(5) Carrying out analogue simulation on different subject functional areas under three development situations regarding the minimum of vulnerability as limiting condition, and selecting the optimal solution of different major functional areas to compare the vulnerability index of2010and2030. The reducing speeds of Xingping (5.64,0.11), Chengcheng(1.08,0.03) and Taibai(0.53,0.03) are50.36,36,17.67times. As far as the spatial equilibrium speed is concerned, Xingping>Chengcheng>Taibai. Compared with the vulnerability of evolution, the outcome of analogue simulation is just the reverse and the three areas can be concluded that the gap of spatial equilibrium is reducing with the advancement of main functional areas and trends to balanced development.(6) Putting forward to differentiation development mode that should be taken by different major functional areas. Xingping City should adopt the urban-industrial space cluster development model. On the basis of speed up the urbanization level, and strengthen the industrial advantage, fostering the growth of new industries, patial scale and diversification by business and industry, generate agglomeration economies, promote low-carbon economy andcycle of economic development, enhance resource conservation and management around the park platform, the advantages of resource gathering area, nurturing small and medium-sized supporting enterprises, the introduction of associated enterprises (service industry), to promote industrial integration, optimize the industrial structure, industry and rapid population agglomeration; Chengcheng County should adopt sustainable agriculture-driven development model. On the basis of stabilizing grain production, it develops ecological agriculture and boosts the development of agricultural industrialization, operation of the park to enhance the competitiveness of agriculture. Meanwhile, it promotes the standardization of export of labor services and builds multiple long-term mechanism of farmers’ income; Taibai should take ecologicaFand economic interaction typedevelopment model, the rational allocation of the county within the ecological factors, ecological landscape, the development of the environmental and ecological damage, and be able to promote the coordinated development of economic and ecological ecological economy, ecological environmental protection and economic development of a virtuous circle. |
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