A Study Of Urban Regeneration Based On Multi-stakeholder Partnership Governance

The traditional property-led urban renewal has a significant effect on reshaping theurban space, improving the physical environment, improving the land utilitilation andgrowing the local economy and competitiveness. Meanwhile, there are many negativesocial and economic consequences, such as destruction of existing social networks,cultural inheritance and diversity of the local economy. The vulnerable local residentsare suffering from being geographically, social-psychologically excluded and couldn’tshare the urban renewal benefits. Therefore, urban renewal becomes the focus of manysocial conflicts nowadays. Thus, developing a new mechanism of renewing thedepriving urban area which can leads to a more justice and sustainable future becomesan important and urgent issue to China.Urban renewal is a complex mega system. By the comparative study of westernand Chinese history of urban renewal, we found that improving the renewal mode andthe relevant laws and regulations is a process of interaction and revising. And it isnecessary to rebuild a new mechanism which includes both mode and laws andregulations to solve the problem of Chinese urban renewal. Thus, based on the PluralistDemocracy theory, Public Choice theory, New Public Management theory, StakeholderGovernance theory and Mechanism Design theory, we developed a new mechanismwhich includes two parts. On one hand, we developed the theoretical framework ofmulti-stakeholder partnership governance urban regeneration，analyzed the allocation ofinterest and cooperation mechanism based on the cooperative game theory, designed theurban regeneration project comprehensive evaluation ANP model to meet the needs ofproject plan evaluation and chosen. On the other hand, the relevant laws and regulationswere discussed in this paper, which include the partnership internal implementationregulations, the laws about the participation of multi-stakeholder, and the suggestions ofhow to build a service-oriented government.Generally speaking, the thesis has the following three innovations:①By breaking the established research framework, this paper brought up themode of multi-stakeholder partnership governance urban regeneration. Based on theanalysis of interests and behavior patterns of the stakeholders, the necessity, nature andcharacters of this new mode were discussed, and the key factors in practice, theorganizational framework and procedures of implementation were also designed. ②The multi-stakeholder partnership governance urban regeneration cooperativegame model was established to explain the cooperative formation mechanismpartnerships. By solving the cooperative game model with bargaining set, fourconclusions were made: communities should be invoved in the urban regeneration withthe form of community organizations rather than individuals; professional NGOs shouldbe involved in the partnership to help the community organizations and smooth therelationship between partners; the powerful local governments and developers shouldpay more attention to keep the partnership work and pay for it in order to get morelong-term interests; regeneration programme should be profitable to attract thestakeholsers join the partnership. The allocation of benefits in the partnership is decidedthrough the Shapley value and unreasonableness of the real distribution was pointed out,the distribution also be amended in consideration of risks. The analysis of cooperativegame transfer utility indicated that the one who gets more profit should transfer someprofit the one who gets less to establish a balanced mechanism which is acceptable to allpartners. Thus, the stakeholders would be willing to join the partnership.③The urban regeneration comprehensive evaluation ANP model was built andfirstly combined the sustainability, competitiveness and cultural inheritance as a threefundamental criteria. The traditional analytic network process method was improved bythe Nonlinear Programming, Pattern Search and DEMATEL methods. The numericalanalysis indicates that the proposed method is feasible. Comparing to the traditionalmethod which take the profit-cost as the priority factor of decision-making, thedeveloped method is more comprehensive and systematic, which can lead a more equalsociety and sustainable future of the regenerated areas. By taking into account of theinteractions between the elements contained in the urban regeneration, the proposedmodel is more in line with reality. By integrating the ANP method with other methodsthe proposed method is more scientific, reasonable and easier to realize than thetraditional one.