Study On The Influence Factors About Growth And Muscle Fiber Related Gene Expression Of Chickens

In this study, MUSTNl and APOBEC2gene entire coding sequence were cloned, and the correlations of the bioinformatics in Erlang Mountainous (EM) Chickens were analysed. We measured the growth traits of EM chickens and evaluated the expression tissue-pattern of MUSTN1and APOBEC2by Real-time Quantitative PCR (qPCR) and evaluated the skeletal muscle expression pattern (MUSTN1, MyoD, MyoG, IGF1, APOBEC2, FWM, FRM and SM) in female and male chickens at both two lysine (Lys) levels and two Lines at four growth points. Meanwhile, we evaluated the protein abundance expression of MUSTN1and APOBEC2among muscle tissues at four days of chickens by western blotting and also evaluated protein location of among muscle tissues at70-day-old chickens by immunohistochemistry. The objective of this study was to evaluate the developmental-specific regulation of mRNA and protein abundance expression in chickens. It was good references for study on the local breed chickens growth characteristic, genetic mechanism of muscle regulation, and meat quality regulation of the two lines. The results were as follows:We evaluated the line-, sex-, age-and lysine level-differences in different growth traits in this study. The results indicated that, SD02Line females had greater live weight and weight gain than SD03Line in starter growth period; SD03male chickens had greater abdominal fat weight than SD02at70-day-old, SD03had greater total protein than SD02; It might be greater of muscle growth in Line SD02than SD03, and SD03had greater fat deposited than SD02. Female chickens had greater live weight and breast muscle fiber diameters feeding high lysine level (HL) than low lysine level (LL) at70-day-old. Chickens also had greater cholesterol feeding HL than LL. Thus, it’s better to fed HL to have the superior growth performance and high cholesterol concertration than LL.There were tissue-specific differences in gene expression of different tissues that were examined in this study. MUSTN1mRNA is predominantly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle, with negligible expression in other tissues. APOBEC2mRNA is predominantly expressed in skeletal and cardiac muscle, with negligible expression in tissues such as gonad, gizzard and subcutaneous fat tissues, and not expressed in other tissues. It suggested that MUSTN1and APOBEC2mRNA might be an important role in regulating during chicken post-hatch muscle growth. In addition to tissue-specific differences in gene expression, we also observed line-, gender-, age-and lysine level-specific differences in the two muscle tissues that were examined in this study. The expression of SM mRNA was highest at day1; the expression of FWM mRNA was lowest at day1. It implies the possibility that muscle fiber switched in early post-growth. High lysine concentration could upregulation the expression of MyoD and IGF1mRNA in pectoralis major and upregulation the expression of MUSTN1, MyoD, MyoG, IGF1, APOBEC2, FWM and FRM mRNA in male thigh muscle.There was a positive correlation among MUSTN1, MyoD and APOBEC2mRNA expression in pectoralis major. There was also a positive correlation among MUSTN1, FWM, APOBEC2, MyoD, MyoG and IGF1mRNA expression in thigh muscle. MUSTN1and APOBEC2mRNA might be related with the expression of MyoD expression during chicken post-hatch muscle growth. There was a correlation among expression MUSTN1and muscle fiber traits in both pectoralis major and thigh muscle tissue, suggesting a role in muscle development.We successfully obtained the coding sequence of MUSTN1and APOBEC2gene. Two amino acid sequences were obtained from these two CDS sequences, their lengths were78aa and222aa. The result indicated that MUSTN1and APOBEC2maybe a hydrophilic but Non-transmembrane protein. MUSTN1and APOBEC2have one and twelve threonine of phosphorylation site, respectively. MUSTN1and APOBEC2have seven and two glycosylation sites, respectively.Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that MUSTN1and APOBEC2localizes to nuclei in skeletal and cardiac muscle myofibers. There was tissue-, gender-and age-specific differences in gene expression. MUSTN1and APOBEC2protein might be synergy regulated during chicken post-hatch muscle growth during muscle development. Changes in mRNA abundance were reflected by similar changes in abundance of MUSTN1and APOBEC2protein in Line SD02which consumed the LL, there were also differences between mRNA abundance and protein abundance. Maybe different regulation mechanisms have taking part in the processing, affect the amount of the two molecules.