The Characteristics, Factors And Mechanism Of The Altruistic Punishment In Network Environment

People often punish other individuals who behave negatively or uncooperatively to promote cooperation even when it comes at personal cost, and when there is no expectation of receiving any material returns. We define this behavior as altruistic punishment. It has three principal characters: first, this kind of punishment will punish the people destroy the group norm; second, the punisher must pay something to do these things,whatever physical or psychic; third, this behavior is kind of strong power to push social benefit, and it is a special altruistic behavior. As a prosocial behavior, altruistic punishment could inhibit the acts of unfair. As a supervision mechanism on social norm and justice,it can ensure honest and the fair.with the development of the internet, several interpersonal interaction have new meaning. People pay more attention to the justice in network environment. The altruistic punishment in network environment has increased new meanings. However, the relationship between altruistic punishment and network environment is still at issue. We still do not know the connection between the individual emotion and the environment on this issue. In light of this, this thesis is aimed at revealing the relationship between the real-life altruistic punishment and network-environmental altruistic punishment, finding out the influence factor and the mechanism. This thesis is composed of the following four studies.The pre-study:With the adoption of consensual qualitative research (CQR), altruistic punishment will be defined as a special altruistic behavior. Compare with actual environment, network environment is more fascinating, anonymous, efficient, far-ranging and easy to get. The altruistic punishment in network environment is more safe,more effectual, more exonerative, which has more willing to punish,but get less degree to do, the pay is invisible and invisible. The typical altruistic punishment is network gossip.Study1contained three sub-studies to explore the relationship between altruistic punishment and emotion. Using the variant of trust game experiment,the investigator add the third-party punishment experiment1-3explored the effort of money and credit as altruistic punishment in network environment on individual emotion and the level of punishment. The results indicated that:(1) if the altruistic punishment is the money, it can significantly release the negative emotion; the relationship between decrease of emotion and the level of altruistic punishment is not highly connected. The price of the punishment play an important role on the level, sense of fairness had significant moderating effect.(2) if the altruistic punishment is the credit, it can significantly release the negative emotion; the relationship between decrease of emotion and the level of altruistic punishment is highly connected. The price of the punishment play an important role on the level. When Credit punishment is the long-term punishment, the cost cannot influence the level of punishment, altruistic punishment can devote the fairness of the environment.Study2investigated the impact of personality and the environmental factors on altruistic punishment. Experiment4explored the interactive effects of the trait empathy and the social value orientation on altruistic punishment Experiment5examined the bystander effect in the network environment. The results indicated that:(1) Altruistic punishment are positively related to the trait empathy and the social value orientation, the social value orientation1buffers the relations between altruistic punishment and the trait empathy, which indicates that when people has higher social value orientation, he will do more punishment when he saw the unfair behavior.(2) When the altruistic punishment is credit punishment,there is typical bystander effect. Whatever one or more other people,the individual shows no bias on money or credit punishment. When there are more other people,the individual more like using credit punishment.Study3:Using biofeedback instrument, the experiments tried to seek out the mechanism of altruistic punishment in network environment. The researcher chose the typical altruistic punishment-network gossip, and tried to explore in different conditions, the prosocial motivation of altruistic punishment and moderator effect of social value orientation. Experiment7tried to identify the influence of altruistic punishment on social justice. The results indicated that:(1) Heart beat is the significant target to feedback the emotional information.(2) There are many informations in the network gossip,which all included the tendency to help the next people and to punish the bad trustee, which means network gossip is one type of altruistic punishment.(3) When people saw unfair behavior,they would evoke some negative emotion. The negative emotion and the prosocial motivation would push individual to do something like altruistic punish behavior.(4) In high network gossip condition, individual is more likely to follow the social norm,even there is only a investigator.(5) network gossip plays an important role on social norm, social value orientation has the moderator effect.Based on these results, the following conclusions can be drown. The study explores the content, nature,expand and enrich the connotation of altruistic punishment in network environment. It reveals the theoretical principle of credit management on shopping at network and the network supervision by public opinion. And it can find a way to evoke altruistic punish behavior,to maintain the network social norm.