Study On The Roles Of Government Plays As A Third Party In The Process Of Intervening Public Conflict

In the current China, the fact that public conflict is of common occurrence become an unavoidable problem. Regardless of the willingness of government, it will always intervene to the process of public conflict management sooner or later, more or less, fast or slow. This article will analysis why the government has become a major third party from the perspective of the roles of the third party, analysis why the government form a all-roles intervention, and explore the actual performance of this model.The parties cannot resolve the predicaments of conflict itself, lays the groundwork for the third party intervention in the conflict management. These predicaments are mainly communication barriers, one-way cognition, negative emotions, imbalances between the twos and escalation. Third party can make the appropriate management, plays various roles. The requirements of different roles will be different.The basic condition for effective intervention of a third party is to achieve the matching between role and the situations of conflict. There are the matching between the role and the nature of a conflict, between the role and the actions of a conflict, between the role and the different stage of a conflict, between the role and the types of conflict.From the cases analysis, we find that although different roles need different types of body to play, the reality is that the government embraced a variety of roles and formed the all-roles intervention. This pattern of intervention reflects the government is trying to play a versatile roles, embrace all the functions in itself, trying to achieve the whole process of management, put the prevention, resolution, settlement and the after-care supervision into a whole management process, trying to figure the management of full participation in a large number of investment in human resources, trying to play a role in all types of conflict management to achieve full coverage. Regardless of the conditions and the abilities of the government, government will always be an important choice, conceived as a round the clock management.The all-roles intervention of government generated profound social background from historical research. The concepts of trust in the government spur people to refer themself to the government as a third party from the psychological. The administrative-leading social management pattern spurs people to have to choose the government on many issues from the reality. The special relationship between the government and the people in Chinese society make people rely on the government.It is the result of the two-way choice between the government and people from the study of reality. The government will take the initiative to participate in conflict management for maintaining the stability of society and the status of legitimacy and the authority of a third party. People choose the government as a third party, from the considering of practical factors, as a strategy to achieve the aspirations, is a optimal result of options constrained.Since the reform and opening up, dramatic changes and transformations of the social background makes this pattern of government intervention face a series of challenges and dilemmas, resulting in inefficient performance of it in the actual conflict management role overload, role of dislocation, confusion of roles, role conflict and role faxation. Second-order conflict as an important consequence of a failure of the all-roles intervention of the government, profoundly reveals a negative of this mode of intervention. On the body of conflict, it makes a simple conflict between complicated. On the nature of the conflict, it makes private conflict into the open. On the issue of conflict, it makes individual issues into universal. On the scope of conflict, it makes a small range of conflict into magnify. In the field of conflict, it makes conflict of other areas into political conflict.Inefficient performances of this intervention objectively require the governmentto achieve the conversion of its roles. This conversion needs consider the actual ability of the government in the first. The government should undertake the more comparative advantage role and function, and other social third complementary advantage, according to the actual situation of conflict management capabilities. Secondly, since the government is as the conflict management of the third party, they should follow general principle of third party intervention. That is to intervene in the conflict only when it is necessary, not to harm, using minimal intervention strategies or methods, and in a timely and appropriate manner. Additionally, as the representatives of public interest, the government must assume the responsibility to the bottom line, the duties and obligations of public person, external negative effect on conflict management, no responsibility for human affairs management.Based on the above three principal, government should as soon as possible from those who do not fit to bear, the unsuccessful play the role exit, just to fulfill those central role and social role can not afford their own. Government must assume the roles of authoritative information releasing, the buffer and emergency treatment against the strong confronts, the providers of law, order and security, the brake and repressor of violence, and the final judge of the conflict. It can take appropriate regulation of the distribution of benefits and a balancer, mediator and arbitrator, the role of intermediary services, organizer of negotiations. However, the government should not be an unimpartial third party, be not suitable for the role of experts, investigators and evaluator, and fact identifier.In order to achieve the conversion of the role of government as a third party, firstly, the government needs to adjust the concept of conflict management, and rational understanding of the conflict. Secondly, establishing and maintaining public confidence in the government’s image in order to establish the basis of the effectiveness of conflict management. Thirdly, it should promote the development of social organization and participation to provide a wide range of options. Finally, constructing the cooperation approaches betweenthe government and the society by reasonably purchasing the services from social organizations.