| Autism is a serious neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by imparements in social interaction, abnormalities in verbal and nonverbal communication and restricted, stereotyped interests and behaviros. The symptoms of autism are discernible in the first3years of an affecter anfant’s life and manifest throughout the life span. Boys are four to six times more commonly affected than girls. The definition and intervention of autism based on behavioral symptomatology, but the industry generally believe that autism are multiphase biological disease, it is led by susceptibility genes and environmental factors. Many studies have shown that autism are closely related with neurotransmitter, metabolism, food intolerance, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, intestinal dysbiosis, immune disorders and other biological factors. The test results of ordinary immune and biochemical are normal usually, but it doesn’t mean normal biochemical and immune function. This paper research urine organic acid metabolism and food intolerance of children with autism as biochemical and immunological characteristics of indicators, to explore the biochemical and immune indicators for early diagnosis of autism, biotyping, there is theoretical and practical significance in combination of medical and education.This study belongs to the interdisciplinary research in the field of special education. In the field of rehabilitation of autism, there are some adverse trends, such as "Emphasis on education contempt medical, education and medical separation, neglect of the characteristics of the individual (physical and psychological), rigid teaching intervention" are very common phenomenon. The situation is not only limited effect of education, but also adversely affected by the rehabilitation time, and it will cause secondary damage to children with autism and their families. The field of education and research for autism is a great need for a multidisciplinary cooperation, home-school cooperation concept throughout the education intervention in the whole process of medical education combined. Based on above concept, This study, from special biochemical and immunological characteristics of children with autism diagnosis, explore the possible pathogenesis, look for biological basis of the educational intervention and its practical significance, analy the intervention value of biological indicators.This dissertation has seven chapters as follows:Chapter one Research background. It contains the background of the research, and raised the issue of the research, includes brief description of research programs, the objective and innovation of this study, the sample and selection criteria, the explanation of relevant concepts.Chapter two Review. This part consists of literature review (biochemical and immunological features of the children with autism), analysis of the research topic and the future’s prospects.The third, fourth, fifth and sixth chapters are the main researchs. The first study is the investigation and analysis of several kinds of common biological symptoms and comorbid condition in children with autism. Study two analyed the urine organic acid metabolism of autistic children. The third study is test of food intolerance in immunology of the children with autism. The last study analysed the effect of diet intervention based on the food intolerance results.In order to facilitate the readers overall understanding of the views and results of this study, and finally the entire study (Chapter VII) made a presentation of the overall discussion and conclusions.The four main research method and results are outlined below:The sample of this study is903-6year-old children with autism and the same number and ages of children as a normal control group.First, the analysis of the questionnaire "a few common biological symptoms and comorbidity of children with autism". Biological symptoms and comorbidity can be perceived in the daily life of children with autism, it is combined with CARS scores to explore the correlation between the symptoms of autism biology dysfunction. Results:In the study of90autistic children has100%perceived biological symptoms or comorbidity, it issues involving various aspects of sleep, diet, and gastrointestinal tract, the severity of some symptoms with autism have significantly correlation.Secondly, use metabolomics technology to expore the organic acid metabolism and biochemical characteristics of autistic children, to conduct a comprehensive analysis of72urine organic acid of the90cases of autism and normal children, to analye the theory and practice significance of the metabolic characteristics of autistic children. Results:Compared with normal children, the rate and extent of autistic children metabolic abnormalities have significant differences, there are several classes of metabolites can be used as potential autism biomarkers, the degree of metabolic abnormalities associated with autism severity was positively related.Third, use enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technology (ELISA), quantitative analysis of90of the90cases of autism and normal children’s blood in the food-specific IgG to understand autism and food intolerance relationship and possible immune mechanisms. Results:All the subjects of this study have food intolerance problem, the probability of occurrence and degree of abnormality was significantly higher than the normal control group; food intolerance results with the daily life of children with autism symptoms, severity and dysfunction are statistically significant.Fourth, the effect of dietary interventions based on the result of food intolerance analysis. Aims to explore the necessity and effectiveness of autistic children exclude food intolerance. For a three-month diet intervention (including rotation measures and fasting the intolerant food), comparative analysis of the biological symptoms and CARS scores of autistic children after three months of dietary intervention. The results show that good effects has made in the biological symptoms, dysfunction, severity of positive children with autism on diet intervention.The overall conclusion of this study:Most of children with autism have several biological symptoms or comorbidity. Mainly reflects in the following:sleeping fitfully, exception of food intake (too much/too little), slim body, difficulty falling asleep, monophagia, abnormal in sleep time. Prompted in the practice of clinical and educational rehabilitation should pay attention to this symptoms’adverse effects of the intervention effects and quality of life on the children with autism. The significant of this study is to improve and expand connotation and denotation of "home-school combined" and "medical-education combined" concept.Second, a considerable part of autistic children have organic acids metabolic abnormalities. Hippuric acid, malic acid, citric acid, homovanillic acid,2-hydroxy-hippuric acid, creatinine, and other organic acids may be a potential biological indicators, they can be used as early diagnosis biomarkers, an objective basis to determine the severity and treatment interventions. Intestinal dysbiosis, citric acid cycle, detoxification indicators, creatinine, the four major categories metabolites can be used as judging autism severity and potential intervention targets. The results suggest that urine organic acid test should be used as autism biological conventional project.Third, Food intolerance in children with autism is widespread, closely related to abnormal mood, behavioral, biological symptoms and severity. The results of this study suggest that the test of food-specific IgG has clinical significance in intervention and treatment of autism. Food intolerance should become a routine clinical test items.Fourth, Dietary interventions for improving of emotional and behavioral problems and biological symptoms of children with autism have good effect. Autistic children’s interpersonal, emotional reaction, visual reaction, anxiety reactions, verbal communication, non-verbal communication, levels of activity seven functions are sensitive indicators for food intolerance intervention; the ability to imitate (words and actions), the use of the body, with non-life objects relationship, adapting to environmental changes, auditory response, near sensory responses, intellectual functioning, and overall impression is not a sensitive indicator of the food intervention. At the same time, after the dietary intervention, autistic children’s sleep, diet, gastrointestinal problems, discernible biological symptoms improved significantly. Dietary intervention is easy to operate, the negative effect is small, is an effective additional means of education rehabilitation, to promote effectiveness of special education, improve the quality of life of children with autism.This a meaningful preliminary exploration take organic acid metabolism and food intolerance as biochemical and immunological characteristic item, the starting point in this area there are many topics worthy of further research, such as exporing the interaction of biological problems with behavior and social functions, constructing biochemical and immune system item, early diagnosis biological indicators of autism, the biological basis of educational rehabilitation, etc. These problems need new breakthrough in the theoretical and practical aspects. |
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