| Natural resource is a necessary condition for mankind’s survival and development. Mineral resource, as the main source of human’s energy and industrial raw materail, is the meteral basis of economic growth. Affected by planning macroeconomic industrial layout and mineral product price controls, mining-based regions in China widespreadly faced some problems, including the lack of alternative industries, industrial structure simplification etc. As a result a number of mineral resource exhausted cities emerged. Correspondingly, with the establishment and improvement of China’s market economic system, especially in the mid-1990s after the gradual relaxation of price controls on mineral resources, resource endowment provinces developled very rapidly. It is not complied with the popular "Resource Curse" hypothesis. This dissertaion attempts to combine China’s realistic conditions and tranditional acedemic theory, and reveal the direct and indirect impact of mining industry by empirical test.This dissertation was consisted by seven chapters, while the fisrt chapter was introduction, the second chapter was related study review and the last chapter was summary. The research in this dissertation were mainly in other chapters which could be divided into four parts:The first part included Chapter3, and mainly focused on defining mineral resource-based regions, the result shows that there were six typical mineral resource-based regions in China, and all of them located in northern China.The second part was in chapter4. Based on the adjustment of tranditional dutch disease model assumptions which was difficult to reflect China’s reality, it has been setup a endogenous growth model to analyze the impact of the expansion of the mineral resources industry to other industries in the region as well as regional economic growth. The result shows that the expansion of the mineral resources industry does not necessarily lead to a decline in regional manufacturing extrusion as well as steady-state levels of economic growth with a condition of production factor cross-regional flow. Moreover, the the expansion of the mineral resources industry may promote the development of regional manufacturing level as well as regional economic growth with a further introduction of conditions of mineral resources tax transfer payments.The third part was in chapter5which was focused on the the empirical test of the existence of "resource curse". The provincial units during1999to2010were chosen as the study samles and the empirical results show that there is no significant relationship between the resources abundances and the distribution of GDP per capita, and there was a significantly negtive correlationship betweetn the dependence of the mineral resources industry and GDP per capit. However, when regional dummy variables was added as control variables, cross-section data regression results show that the distribution of China’s GDP per capita is more related with the location factors rather than the dependence of the mineral resources industry. Regression results of panel data regression model show that,without adding the control variables, there was no significant relationship beween resource abundances and GDP per capita level or regional economic growth, while the dependence of the mineral resources industry had significant negtive impact on GDP per capita level or regional economic growth. After adding several controlling variables, such as investment, human capital, economic openness, and institutional factors, the negative correlation between the dependence of the mineral resources industry and regional economic performance do not exist any more, which means that negative impace on regional economic development of mineral resource industry dependence might be weakened by some other indirect effects. Therefore, in China’s provincial level, the mineral resource endowmens and the dependence of such industries did not lead to the occurrence of the so-caaled "resource curse".The fourth prat was in chpater6. Mineral resource industry based regions were chosen as the study sample in this part, and there was an empirical study of direct and indirect impacts of mineral resource industry dependence on regional economic growth. The empirical results show that the expansion of the mineral resources industry had the diverse impacts on the regional economic diversity. The expansion of the mineral resources industry and regional economic growth has a significant negative correlation without controling any other variables, but this negative correlation disappered after adding some transmission mechanism variables as control variables. The emperical test results of impact on manufacturing industry show that, there was no significant crowd-out effect in both of output and investment aspects, and after controling the national manufacturing average technical composition of capital, the expansion of the mineral resources industry did not crowd out manufacturing in labor force input. Although the manufacturing did not be crowded out in overall level, but the impacts on different sector of manufaturing were different. For the mineral processing industry, mineral resources industry has a direct role in promoting and comparatively large financial transfer payment effect; For other manufacturing, the mineral resources industry has a not significant negative correlation and comparatively small effect of the financial transfer payment.In the other possible conduction mechanism, the empirical results show that the mineral resources industry development promoted increasing the stock of fixed capital, and it has a significantly positive role in promoting the regional level of institutional quality but not significantly related to the improved speed of institutional qualityrelations, while the development of the mineral resources industry also increased the level of human capital investmen.The analysis of this dissertation shows that, there was no obviously resource curse effect in China’s provincial level, and the expansion of mineral resource industry promote regional economic development. However, the occurance conditons of resource curse could be provided by China’s further development, the mineral resource-based regions should promote local industry diversity by appropriate industry policy. |
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