A Logic Study Of The Development Of Rural Economic Cooperative Organization In China

The Chinese agriculture organization has undergone a series of changes，from theindividual farmers in the early1950s, to the mutual-aid teams, cooperatives, people’scommune, to the two-tier management household contract responsibility system sincethe implementation of the policy of reform and opening up. The structural changes ofagriculture organization not only have a close relationship with the institutional of therural economy system, but also imply the institutional choice on the different stages inthe process of China’s industrialization. With the establishment of the rural householdcontract responsibility system in the early1980s, China’s rural economy began theprocess of market-oriented, and it also promoted the process of social modernization inrural areas. As the main microeconomic body in rural economy---farmers, they aredeeply and extensively drawn into the modern market system, the relationship betweentheir living and the market becoming closer and closer, the correlation degree is gettinghigher and higher. Especially after China’s accession to the WTO, China’s farmers andthe rural economy are not only influenced by the strong impact of the domestic market,but also strongly influenced by the international market. On one hand, after theagricultural productivity is improved, the organizational structure based on thehouseholds has more and more negative effects in area of management, and the conflictsbetween small farmers and big market will be more striking. On the other hand,corresponding to dispersion of farmers in the market system, it is the dispersion ofinterest expression in the political system and incomplete nature of governance structure.In the mode of Township Government and Rural Governance, the organizationalstructure of farm household units unable to obtain efficient rural public goods andservices, but also cannot afford a large supply of public facilities. In particular, the wholecountry has entered the middle stage of industrialization after entering the21st century,that is the stage of city support rural areas, industry support agriculture, however, thestate cannot directly contact with nearly0.2billion peasant households so as to look for a new organization structure to cut down the cost of national policy.In this context, the theory and practice of community are beginning to refocus onthe rural cooperative economic organization which is important organization systemresource. However, the organization is spontaneously established by farmers andpromoted by the government, which is essentially different from the organization in thehistory. Its generation and development happen in the special system environment, thedirection of its evolution has a direct impact on China’s rural economic system reform, aswell as the process of China’s industrialization. Therefore, basing on the background ofsocial transition, and with the analysis tool of Marxist economics, new institutionaleconomics, Marxism cooperative economic theory, governance theory, the thesis probesinto the logic of Why evolves---how evolves---the direction of the evolution andexplores the law of the evolution of China’s rural cooperative economic organization.The thesis is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter Introduction mainlyexplain the background and purpose of the study so as to reveal the theoreticalsignificance and practical value of this study; Through analyzing the literature review athome and abroad, the article give us an particular perspective of this study; It also putforwards methods, ideas and framework of this study in this chapter. The author usesInstitutional Change Theory of Marxist economics and cooperative economic theory, theinstitutional change theory of the new institutional economics as the theoretical basis ofthe study in chapter2, it elaborates the differences of two theories, such as methods, thesource of change, as well as the way of institutional change. It introduces the history ofChina’s rural cooperative economic organization since1949in chapter3. It reveals themotivation of the development of China’s rural organization for economic cooperationfrom the two theories respectively, and also analysis deeply the fundamental drivingforce of the organization and the changing main body by comparative analysis of the twoexplanations in chapter4. In chapter5, it put forwards some effective ways to promotethe development of the organization on the base of the summary about the organization’sdevelopmental characteristics and the new developmental tendency. It introduces theorigin, the operating mechanism, the types, and the relationship with the government of some important organization types in the developed countries, on the base of which theauthor summarizes the common trend of the current development of internationalorganization and some useful experiences in chapter6. On the basis of previous chapters,it gives the overall judgment on the evolution law of the organization in China in chapter7. In chapter8, it further summarizes the important conclusions of this study, and putforwards relevant policy recommendations, it points out the direction of future researchon the basis of reviewing this article at the end of this chapter.The innovation of this paper has three points. First, it is about the researchperspective. The paper studies China’s rural cooperative economic organization in thenew era along the clue of Why evolution how evolution the direction ofevolution, it breaks the research perspective of internal institutional arrangements, andpresents the clear logic about the study of evolution of China’s rural cooperativeeconomic organization. Second, it is about the theoretical tools. The study breaks thetraditional academic boundaries, and has the comparative analysis of the two differenttheoretical perspectives of institutional change theory profoundly. It reveals the logicaltrajectory of China’s rural cooperative economic organization development, and enhancesthe explanatory power of the study about the evolution of China’s rural cooperativeeconomic organization. Third, it is about the research achievements. The paper not onlyanswers the research questions, but also elaborates the construction of China’s ruralcooperative economic organization and the direction and the way of the development oftraditional cooperative economic organizations. This illustration has an importanttheoretical and practical significance on promoting the study of cooperative economicorganization.