Study On Psychological Contract Violation And Its Effects Of Knowledge Workers In Real Estate Enterprises

Given significant efficacy of the psychological contract serving as the exchangerelationship analysis framework between employers and employees, its connotationelements, structural model and dynamic development mechanism, etc., have drawn wideattention of scholars and business interests, among which it’s often found that employeesbear negative emotions resulting from subjective cognition of and evaluation on the balanceof the exchange relationship between the organization and them, and its organizationalresponsive mechanism’s negative impacts on organizational performance are also found. Inspecial, when facing uncertain environment, the effect of the transmission mechanismbecomes more prominent. Thus, it can be concluded this mechanism and its effect has greatdeterrence against real estate enterprises under the background of transitional economy inour country. As is known to all, after real estate industry as a mainstream support of ourcountry have undergone international financial crisis and our country’s macro-controlpolicies, the hard loading trend of its market has gradually appeared. Consequently, thechange of management pattern, such as organizational restructuring and managementstreamlining, is bound to cause operation pressure on enterprises. While knowledgeworkers, as key human resources of enterprises, have been more and more faced with theurgent issues about individual survival and career development in the dynamic environment.This contradiction on micro level will ultimately lead to efficiency failure on macro level.“How to seize employees’ heart in order to condense enterprise’s soul? How to coordinatethe relationship between enterprises and their key employees in dynamic environment?” hasbecome the shackles of management efficiency for real estate enterprise in our country.Thinking of the realistic problems in great times, this study focused on knowledgeworkers, being important part of enterprise’s core competitiveness, in the atmosphere ofreal estate industry under the background of transitional economy of our country, to revealinherent mechanism of organizational response through discerning knowledge workers’psychological perception of and subjective evaluation on the exchange relationship betweenthe organization and them. Therefore, the study integrated diversified research philosophies,was supported by the social and scientific theories including the social exchange theory, thebelief theory and the sense-making theory, followed the study flow of “exploring andclarifying the rationality of study perspective and the level of study contents�'analysingand verifying theoretical and practical efficiency of the study topic�'interpreting andimproving the reliability and universality of the study conclusions”, analysed theirpsychological contract’s main incentives, key components, structural model and its rolemechanism of violation effects through the analytical solution to five key sub-problems. Finally, this study obtained the following innovative results:Firstly, this study built up the incentive mechanism model of the psychologicalcontract of real estate enterprises’ knowledge worker, and further confirmed the rationalityof the narrow perspective under the background of the managerial situation in real estateindustry.From view of knowledge workers, this study used the exploratory and interpretivestudy strategy based on main idea of the Organizational Behavior and the Social CognitivePsychology Science, drew on the grounded theory’s essence, discerned main incentives tothe psychological contract, including the realistic job preview and the organizationalsocialization coming from the employers, and the work value and the self-efficacy comingfrom the employees, and found partial mediation of the organizational socialization on therelationship between the realistic job preview and the psychological contract.Secondly, this study analysed the content elements and the structural model of thepsychological contract of knowledge workers in real estate enterprises, and laid thetheoretical foundation to analyse the psychological contract violation on multiple layers.Combining with the managerial situation of the real estate enterprise and the uniquefeatures of knowledge workers, mixing together the social exchange theory, the belieftheory and the grounded theory, adhering to the exploratory and interpretive study strategy,this study identified main components of the psychological contract and itsthree-dimensional configuration(developing, promoting, relational) for those knowledgeworkers, thus to accumulate theoretical and empirical evidences in order to further explorethe psychological contract violation responsive mechanism on multiple layers.Thirdly, this study put forward the analytical framework of psychological contractviolation effects of knowledge workers of real estate enterprises in our country, andexplored the mechanism of the effects of those workers’ subjective perception ofperformances about organizational obligations on their working responses from doubleview of theoretical deduction and empirical induction.In view of the limitation of traditional literature review in the field of thepsychological contract violation of our country, drew on systematic literature review andevidence-based management methods on the management science frontline, this studymade the meta-analysis of the literature about psychological contract violation under thebackground of our country’s sociology, concluded the basic assumptions of thepsychological contract violation mechanism of our country’s employees, and inspired bywhich, confroming to main idea of the social exchange theory and the sense-making theory,in the framework of exploratory case study and supported by diversified data sources andcontent analysis technology, this study proposed theoretical effects of the psychologicalcontract violation of knowledge workers of real estate industry in our country.Fourthly, this study built up the model of knowledge employees’ psychologicalcontract violation effects in real estate industry, specially combined theoretical and empirical analysis of the organizational cynicism and the team identification with thepsychological contract violation, found the effects of psychological contract violationdemensions of those employees on EVLN behavior, and further improved the framework toanalyse the psychological contract violation of knowledge workers in real estate industry ofour country.Integrating diversified research philosophy of the Organizational Behavior and theSocial Cognitive Psychology Science, and adhering to methodology of the grounded theory,this study firstly used the strategy to solve problems that makes standardized empiricalresearch serve as operating platform supported by rigorous statistical analytical methods,secondly improved construct validity using the path that makes the confirmative case studymethod serve as analysis framework being grafted with qualitative and quantitativetechnique, and identified the subjective perception of the exchange relationship betweenemployers and employees feeling bored by knowledge workers of real estate enterprises inour country and the influencing paths of that perception on those employees’ organizationalresponses, including:1) significantly positive direct effects of all dimensions ofpsychological contract violation on E and N (but there isn’t direct effect of the developingcontract on N), significantly negative direct effects of all dimensions of psychologicalcontract violation on V and L;2) partial mediation of the organizational cynicism on therelationship between the relational psychological contract violation and EVLN, andbetween the developing and promoting psychological contract violation and EVL; partialmediation of the team identification on the relationship between all dimensions of thepsychological contract violation and V; total mediation of the organizational cynicismbetween the promoting psychological contract violation and N. Meanwhile this study didn’tfind out any mediation of the organizational cynicism on the relationship between thedeveloping psychological contract violation and N, and the team identification on therelationship between all dimensions of the psychological contract violation and ELN.