Research On The Decision Support System Of Offshore Space Resource Utilization

Offshore space resource utilization, as an important content of marine resource exploitation and utilization, makes a significant contribution to the development of marine economy and social economy in coastal area. However, the effect of offshore space resource utilization activites on marine ecosystem, environment and resources cannot be ignored. Long-term and large-scale activities of offshore space resource utilization make marine environment worsen for many years. The sustainable development of coastal area suffers blows severely. The importance and urgency of integrated marine management is clearly stated on National Marine Meeting in 2015, and the management and control ability of marine resource exploitation and utilization is stressed. The marine management and decision-making system (MMDS) is a powerful tool for integrated marine management and decision. It doesn't only fulfil spatial data management using Geographic Information System (GIS), but also solves complicated time-space problems using Spatial Decision Support. Existing MMDSs mainly focus on the management of marine resources and environment information, statistics and decision-making based on marine information. It also has widely used in marine environmental management and warning of sudden events such as storm surges and oil spills. However, the system serviced for utilization activities of offshore space resource is rarely. Moreover, there is a preset static model in existing MMDSs, which provides numerical simulation and analysis for a fixed compulational domain and grid system. As a result, it doesn't work if the marine environment (coastline and underwater terrain, for example) changes, which limites the system's application and development to some extent. Given the active demand for integrated marine management and the deficiencies of existing MMDSs, this dissertation makes a depth study on the Web GIS-based decision support system of offshore space resource utilization (OSRU-DSS), discussing composition of the coastal-waters spatial database, automatic method of marine numerical simulation responding to marine environment change, marine environmental impact assessment apporaches for offshore space resource utilization. On this basis, a universal OSRU-DSS is integrated. The major contents and achievements of this thesis are summarized as follows:(1) To satisfy the demand of integrated marine managenment and decision-making of offshore space resource utilizaiton, the framework of OSRU-DSS is designed based on Web GIS. The system's objects, functions and decision flow are analyzed and the components are disscussed.(2) A geographic ontology based organization method of coastal-waters spatial data is proposed according to the characteristics of coastal-waters spatial data. Then, the structure of coastal-water spatial database is determined, given consideration to the management of marine numerical simulation. Finally, it is applied to the spatial data organization in the Ningbo Sea. The coastal-waters spatial database of the Ningbo Sea is established, which provides data support for the application of OSRU-DSS in specific waters.(3) A Web GIS-based automatic method for marine numerical simulation is established. The automatic process of marine numerical simulation from modeling to simulating, result processing and analyzing is realized without manual intervention in the basis of tranditional marine numerical simulation. Then, an automatic program of hydrodynamic and sediment numerical simulation and an automatic program of pollutant transport numerical simulation are developed respectively based on FVCOM. The automatic method for marine numerical simulation is one of the core technologies of OSRU-DSS. It covers the shortage of presetting a static model in existing MMDSs.(4) A FCM-based marine environment assessment method for coastline reconstruction engineering is developed for the effect of offshore space resource utilization activites on coastal hydrodynamic and sediment environment. The causal relationship and mutual influence among hydrodynamic and sediment parameters are discovered by intelligentized learning from a large number of sample data. Then, a FCM assessment model of marine environment impact with the best incidence matrix is established. The marine numerical simulation results are input into the FCM model, and the output value is the final assessment result. In further, the impact grade is determined. Due to the causality among hydrodynamic and sediment parameters, the assessment result of FCM model is more reliable than the one of the normative method. This method can be adopted in the OSRU-DSS and provide assessment service of marine environment impact for new coastline reconstruction engineering.(5) To solve the problem of fuzziness of seawater quality assessment, the seawater quality assessment method based on Critic-Cloud model is studied. Combination weights of seawater parameters are calculated by critic-based objective weighting method; and two cloud-based models are built for individual evaluation and entireness evaluation separately, which compose the operation process of seawater quality assessment from individual to entireness in waters. Due to the randomness and fuzziness of the membership degree cloud, the seawater quality evaluation result by Critic-Cloud model is more reasonable than the result of both the variable fuzzy evaluation method and the normative method. Meanwhile, this model is coupling with the numerical model of pollutant transport. It is integrated in the Web GIS-based OSRU-DSS and realizes dynamic assessment of the effect of new land-based outlets on seawater quality using the results of numerical simulation.(6) The marine management and decision system of the Ningbo Sea (Ningbo-OSRU-DSS) is built based on the WebGIS-based OSRU-DSS. It is used for offshore space resource utilization and integrated coastal management in Ningbo. Furthermore, the cumulative impact assessment of offshore space resource utilization on offshore environment in the Xiangshan Bay is studied using Ningbo-OSRU-DSS. Finally, the assessment conclusions of the cumulative impact on hydrodynamic and sediment environment under different combinations of reclamation projects are drawn. The results show that Ningbo-OSRU-DSS can make a rapid exact prediction and assessment for offshore space resource utilization's influence on offshore environment. This system has been put into application and got a good effect.