Research On The Recognition And Spatial Regulation Strategy Of Urban Waterfront Buffer Zone

Waterfront buffer zone is a transition zone between urban river-lake system and waterfront land, closely related to human survival and development. With the increasing urban population and human activity, urban waterfront buffer zone is facing tremendous pressures, such as rapid decline of river and lake water, shoreline ecology function degradation, waterfront land sprawl, lack of public open space.etc, seriously affected its sustainable development. Exploring the recognition and spatial regulation strategy of urban waterfront buffer zone and coordinating the relationship between the sustainable development of environment, economic and social, have become an important scientific problem of the waterfront city sustainable development.This study takes Wuhan urban waterfront buffer zone as the research object, with the Low Impact Development, Sponge City Theory and Urban Regeneration Theory as guild, explores the identification method and spatial regulation strategy from the perspective of urban and rural planning. According to the proposed research objectives, the relevant theory and practice of urban waterfront buffer zone were targeted comb, lay the foundation for urban waterfront buffer zone recognition and special regulation; taking historical maps, remote sensing images as basis, using the spatial analysis function of ArcGIS, discussed the dynamic historical process and its influencing factors of the urban waterfront buffer zone, and through fieldwork, mathematical statistics and set pair analysis model, carried on the empirical research on the typical waterfront buffer zone (East Lake, Sand Lake, South Lake, Moshui Lake,Yezhi Lake, Longyang Lake) of Wuhan, analyzed the current characteristics of river and lake water, waterfront land, identified the main problems of waterfront buffer zone; based on ArcGIS platform, by analyzing the catchment area, and layered overlay of the relevant planning efforts and current construction situation, with future dynamics Situational simulation of waterfront buffer zone, so as to specify the appropriate special regulation strategy. The main study results are as follows.1) Dynamic characteristics analysis results of waterfront buffer zone show that:from middle period of Shang dynasty to 1983, the development process of Wuhan urban waterfront buffer zone has experienced from separation to coexisting, then to crowding, during the years of 1983-2013, river and lake system of Wuhan had sharply shrink, with the disordered waterfront land sprawl, waterfront buffer zone was in the stage of stress. Affected by the lake covering, market benefit and policy changes, the number, structure and spatial distribution of waterfront buffer zone change is varied, large and too frequent, which reflects the current urban waterfront buffer zone planning is lack of overall arrangement and has great randomness. Seek suitable ways, abandon the past development mode which at the expense of sacrificing the ecological coastline, strengthen the planning and protection of river-lake shoreline, guide the sustainable development of waterfront land, shall be the issues that waterfront buffer zone recognition and spatial regulation concern.2) Status analysis results of waterfront buffer zone Planning and Construction (mainly based on the satisfaction survey and site survey) show that there are four main factors that cause the public dissatisfied with the urban waterfront buffer zone planning and construction: ?delayed construction of municipal utilities, water pollution problem has not been fundamentally improved; ? part of the shoreline has been filled up, cut, pressed and seriously wrapped by surrounding land, waters and waterfront construction sites lack the necessary transition zone; ?waterfront road is not yet into the system, lack of an effective interface with the urban hinterland, causing the accessibility of waterfront public open space is poor;?waterfront buffer zone lacks proper public participation mechanism in the process of construction, lead to large deviation between the waterfront public open space construction and the actual needs of the public. Data show that the public to the planning and construction of Wuhan urban waterfront buffer zone overall satisfaction is not high, among them, very satisfied accounted for 15.6%, satisfied accounted for 18.3%, average accounted for 24.4%, dissatisfied accounted for 38.2%, very dissatisfied accounted for 3.5%.3) The results showed that the comprehensive evaluation of contact principal values of East Lake, Sand Lake, South Lake, Moshui Lake, Yezhi Lake, Longyang Lake were 0.27,0.23,-0.13,0.12,0.29,-0.52, the total index rating of East Lake, Sand Lake and Moshui Lake is "good", Sand Lake and Yezhi Lake is "medium", and Longyang Lake is "poor". Comprehensive status survey show that the calculation results concluded from the comprehensive evaluation model based on set pair analysis theory are basically consistent with the actual situation of the typical waterfront buffer zone in Wuhan, show that the method is feasible.4) Different type of urban waterfront buffer zone should adopt the corresponding special regulation strategies:? For the "Water bank-Buffer zone" type, should follow the principle of protection priority, as far as possible to maintain the natural features of coastline, through strengthening the natural transition and connection between land and water to fully maximize the benefits of ecological landscape, and increasing coordination with the urban development, earmarking for growth elasticity, make it integration into the urban ecological base.? For the "Water bank-Buffer zone-Construction zone" type, should further optimize the functional layout of waterfront land, focusing on coordination of different land and waterfront buffer zone function matching, makes waterfront buffer zone be the space that carries a multiple coordination function; enhance the coordination of waterfront buffer zone planning control to achieve waterfront spatial diversity, and benefit the elastic growth to waterfront buffer zone; establish the combination of "point, line, face" waterfront elements control system, making it the coupling basis for coordinated development of the waterfront.? For the "Water bank-Buffer zone-Corridor" type, should be based on river-lake system to build the green network, by integrating longitudinal space and expand transverse space to achieve breakthrough growth of buffer zone under the stress environment, so as to lay the basic ecological patterns to the urban sustainable development, and provides a feasible way to the infiltration of water and green space to city, playing a key role in waterfront land function adjustment and space coupling development. In addition, to ensure the smooth implementation of urban waterfront buffer space control, this paper puts forward the corresponding proposal, including the preparation of waterfront buffer special planning, establish a joint waterfront buffer zone management mechanism, perfect the public participation in decision-making mechanism, etc.