Cognitive Behavior Analysis And Modeling Of Precise Monitoring And Tracking Task

When the astronaut faced with precise monitoring and tracking task in the manned space flights, human responsibility involved in the complex system have changed from the simple manipulation to a monitoring–decision–control process for information processing, the astronauts' thinking ability become the focus of concern. Precise monitoring and tracking task contain complex and more amount of information, the reaction and decision-making behavior are concentrated and require high reliability and accuracy, human information processing and cognitive abilities have become the key points which we need to further pay attention. Studying human cognitive mechanism in human-machine cooperative tasks, analyzing internal cognitive processes and presenting cognitive mental load regularity to increase the efficiency of thinking and to improve the thinking quality are essential for the rule of operating procedures and design of human-computer interaction. Cognitive processes and cognition characters to complete the task are extracted from three levels of perception, decision-making and operation for building the model which can simulate human-like cognition and decision. Using the model performance prediction results to analyze and evaluate the decision-making and information processing of the the astronaut when performing the task have become the future improvement for human-machine ergonomics. Cognitive behavioral modeling and simulation approach attempts to understand that we human how to deal with external information acquisition, storage and processing. It operates and realizes implementations through the logical analysis of the internal information processing at first, secondly by combining the specific task flow, hybrid modeling, computer simulation and program optimization. This dissertation is intended to study human cognitive process of precise tracking and monitoring task, taking manual-control rendezvous and docking task as an example, primarily by building a cognitive behavioral model to reproduce the internal cognitive process, that is, emulating the process of information obtain, storage and searching, retrieval, output. This dissertation mainly discusses these aspects as follows:Firstly, cognitive behavior and cognitive differences in precise tracking and monitoring task are the content and basis of how modeling cognitive behavior. This dissertation focuses on manual-control rendezvous and docking task(RVD) and discusses its cognitive activities. The structure and process of its activity, including monitoring, decision-making and control, are analyzed and through cognitive task analysis, the relationships between task and environmental factors and cognitive process are integrated, and the cognitive activities such as visual attention and allocate resources are extracted as a formal representation of information processing. At the same time the cognitive process of the performance difference are carried out between the experienced operators and the novices in manual-control RVD task, and their cognitive differences are compared during the task manipulation, in order to investigate the relevant knowledge and explanation for extracting the characteristics of the influencing factors in selective attention process and the deviation error correction, and to provide some reference value for not only the acquisition and discovery of new knowledge, but also for selecting the operators with high potential cognitive abilities and improving their operational skills.Secondly, Hybrid modeling method is the realization of modeling technology and process, and this modeling method is given by an example. This dissertation presents the limitation by the description of knowledge from external information, based on the analysis and comparison of existing cognitive architecture, and proposes a hybrid modeling method that combining the symbolism and the network diagram, which provides a feasible way to build a cognitive behavioral model incorporating the external environment, human cognitive mechanism and decision-making strategies. The dissertation proposes a model with examples of manual-control RVD task, which immerges the corresponding characteristics into the various cognitive function modules to emulate human-like thinking and decision-making process. The model defines the declarative knowledge that corresponding to decision-making features and the procedural knowledge that corresponding to processing sequence features, provides a ratio of two kinds estimated arrival time to simulate human perception of the distance and velocity change in the model. All in all, this hybrid modeling method based on the network diagram can not only decompose the complex thinking process into simple element and unit to study, but also apply an overall and comprehensive approach to study thinking process to implement decision-making process simulation.Lastly, the results predicated by model are regarded as important references for analyzing the cognitive factors affecting the task performance. A prototype simulation system is developed as a cognitive behavioral modeling and simulating platform for the precise tracking and monitoring task. The main functions of this prototype system include the simulation of the environment and task, internal cognitive behavior process, physical scene, etc. This cognition-task driven simulation can reproduce human internal information processing and identify the bottleneck of the performance to directly determine the overload conditions of the cognitive load from the occupancy time ratio of cognitive functional module. The simulation of manual-control RVD task as an example is demonstrated to show the validity. According to the simulation of the cognitive process including the external information input, built-in knowledge search and match, decision-making selection and action output, the results identify its feasibility to predict the intuitive using degrees of functional execution module and the distribution trending of cognitive resource in human information processing. In conclusion, cognitive behavioral model can be used for prediction and evaluation of the cognitive performance, which can not only reflect the relationship between the performance assessment such as operational efficiency or accuracy and the cognitive process, but also serve as a theoretical and technical basis for the process optimization and training.