The Characteristics And Mechanisms Of Compactness Of Central Cities In The Three Provinces Of Northeast China

Compact city is based on the concept of sustainable development,and it’s a kind of development modes which can realize the high efficient development from delineating the boundary of city growth,speeding up the mixed use of city land and connecting each community by public traffic.The theory of compact city is a combination of different views in development modes.It provides a theoretical answer of what kind of development model the city should choose.Its emergence and development is a progress of the displeasure over reality and the anticipation of the future.The reasonable city density,mixed land use,public transport system and growth boundary are important parts of compact city structure as the guarantee of urban operation.Chinese cities have undergone such a change: Industrial and population gathered in the city,and the city is gradually replacing the countryside as the advanced form of human settlements.In China,urbanization promotes the development of the city and the improvement of the urban living environment.But it also produces many urban problems.The purpose of building compact city is to limit the uncontrolled expansion of city,improve the living environment and urban efficiency.The northeast China experienced a period of rapid development under the support of national policy.It’s economic,social and cultural has reached the relatively high level.But the problems began to appear with the exhaustion of resources.How to promote the development of cities to realize the goal of intensive development is a primary problem faced by the cities in northeast.The purpose of this research is to find a compact model for the development of cities in northeast.In this study,we take the central city as the sample city in order to eliminate the city scale error.Every city has a certain influence area.The affected area is called the city’s hinterland.The idea to determine the central city is to delineate the hinterland of different cities by Voronoi method,then use the weighted Voronoi diagram method combining with the relationship between city spatial distribution to get the center cities of northeast China.The core part of the research content from two aspects based on the correct understanding of compact city concept.The first part is evolution characteristics and influencing factors of compactness.It is one of the main and basic topics in the research of compactness.It may help to figure out present distribution and evolution of compactness in northeast China.The definition of compact city theory is also the index of compactness,include density of population,land mix-use,mass transit systems and efficiency.So the evaluation system of compactness can be constructed from 5 primary indicators,and the 10 grade two indicators.Then we give a research on evolution characteristics and influence factors of compactness based on geographical information system.The main results and conclusions are as follows.1.The evolution of compactness in northeast China has the obvious clustering characteristic.2.The high-compactness is distributed mainly over Harbin-Dalian corridor and the low-compactness is sprinkled throughout eastern mountainous area.3.The spatial differentiation of compactness has been concentrated in southeast-northwest of direction.4.The higher the city scale,the higher the compactness.Upgrading of economic is an important means to improve the level of compactness.But the role direction of land utilization ratio can change over time.The second part is the mechanism of compactness on traffic energy consumption,industrial energy consumption and urban efficiency.The general view is that compact cities can reduce energy consumption and improve urban efficiency,which is one of the main reasons for the country to carry out compact development.This part of research combined with economics,city economics and spatial economics theory and method,using OLS,GLS,GMM and stochastic frontier function to give a study on the internal mechanism among compactness,transportation energy consumption,industrial energy consumption and city efficiency.The conclusions from the analysis are as follows.1.The construction of compact city has significant effect on decreasing the city traffic energy consumption.2.The impact of improving the compactness on reducing industrial energy consumption is not found to be significant.But it can affect industrial energy consumption through improving the industrial structure of the city.3.Increasing compactness can lower urban efficiency.But improving the compactness can significantly promote the growth of urban efficiency when the city reaches a high compactness level.