Study On The Stone Cultural Landscape In Xijiang River Basin From The Perspective Of Locality

At present,in China this developing country,globalization and urbanization exert a significant impact on regional characteristics.Since the end of 2014,the development strategy of National Xijiang Economic Zone has been put into implementation,which symbolizes the beginning of economic construction in Xijiang River Basin.Xijiang River Basin,as an important natural and cultural heritage corridor in southern China,exhibits evident regional characteristics.There's an implied dialectical relationship of universality and individuality lying behind global and local[1],these two concepts are contradictory in some sense,but they are not completely opposed.Locality research is one of the core themes of cultural geography which has an important meaning for urban planning.Locality is the core of regional characteristics as well as the comprehensive expression of natural environment,social culture in a certain area Cultural landscape is an important manifestation of locality,and has an important impact on locality.This paper studies the stone cultural landscape in Xijiang River Basin and explores its protection and development strategies so as to provide new ideas for local protection.This paper adopts the multi-disciplinary comprehensive research method to conduct a three-stage research by proposing the question,analyzing the problem and solving the problem based on the theory of cultural geography,biology,landscape architecture and tourism and other related research results.First,the relevant researches on locality and cultural landscape protection are studied.Through the study of relevant theories,the concept of locality is clarified and the research progress is sorted out.Based on the study of locality characteristics,it is found that locality is an important inheritance and expression of a certain region,its characteristics share some structural similarity with the genetic characteristics of biology,it can be considered as the DNA of a region.The structural relationship between locality and cultural landscapes is similar to that of biological "DNA" and "genomic" which is linked through genetic vectors.At the same time,this paper also studies the domestic research on cultural landscape from regional perspective and the theoretical research and practice of cultural landscape protection based on different carriers,which provide reference for the theory development and method proposal of this paper.Secondly,the stone cultural landscape in Xijiang River Basin is analyzed.On the one hand,through the study of the geographical environment and social culture of the Xijiang River Basin,according to the cultural landscape theory,it is found that there are cultural phenomena formed based on stone in the Xijiang River Basin,which embodies the man-earth relationship and locality in the Xijiang River Basin,reflects the unique natural view,social activities and aesthetic concepts in Xijiang River Basin.These cultural phenomena are spread across the Xijiang River Basin in forms of stone function,spiritual worship and cultural aesthetic,which belong to a kind of cultural landscape based on stone carrier.On the other hand,the carrier theory is used to analyze the characteristics and functions of the stone carrier,as well as the temporal and spatial relationships among locality,stone cultural landscape and carrier.In addition,the systematic structure of stone cultural landscape is explored in terms of the physical geography elements,material elements and activity elements,the relationship between the elements is also analyzed.Thirdly,the forming background and evolution law of the stone cultural landscape in the Xijiang River Basin are analyzed.Based on the embryology and the system structure of stone cultural landscape,this paper analyzes the forming background of stone cultural landscape in terms of physical geography,geology,climate environment,social culture and concludes that these elements has an significant impact on stone function,spiritual worship and cultural aesthetics.Meanwhile,this paper summarizes the spatial,temporal and evolutional relationship among these elements,and explores the evolution law and association of stone function,spiritual worship and cultural aesthetics.Fourthly,the types and characteristics of stone cultural landscape in the Xijiang River Basin are analyzed.According to the type analysis method and based on the existence form of stone carrier as well as the principle of protective development,the stone carrier is divided into material cultural landscapes and non-material cultural landscapes.Among which,the material culture landscapes can be divided into large scale stone area,meso-scale traditional village,small-scale stone building,micro-scale stone utensils and other cultural landscapes from spatial dimension;non-material cultural landscapes can be divided into stone worship,art,language,skill,and other cultural landscapes based on content.Combined with the representative landscape of these types of stone culture,the distribution characteristics and landscape characteristics of stone cultural landscape in Xijiang River Basin are analyzed.Fifthly,the value of stone cultural landscape in Xijiang River Basin is evaluated.Based on the landscape evaluation method,the evaluation of stone cultural landscape in Xijiang River Basin is explored.The evaluation index system is designed and the weight of the index is determined through questionnaire.Besides,the AHP analytic hierarchy method is used to construct the value evaluation model of stone cultural landscape in Xijiang River Basin.Through the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and comparative analysis of stone cultural landscape in Xijiang River Basin,the value of different types of material cultural landscape and non-material cultural landscape in the Xijiang River Basin is obtained.Sixth,the protection strategy of stone cultural landscape in Xijiang River Basin from locality perspective is proposed.According to locality theory and theory of cultural landscape protection,the large-scale,cross-regional cultural landscape in Xijiang River Basin with comprehensive linear characteristics can be protected by the method of cultural corridor.By using the cultural heritage corridor research methods,and through the spatial superposition of multilayer resource factors including national culture,regional culture,natural landscape,urban characteristics landscape,traditional settlement,material and non-material culture etc.,it is found that the Xijiang River Basin is a cultural heritage corridor closely surrounding its water system in a spatial structure of the "one trunk,four branches",and there are different connotation characteristics of locality on the mesoscale level.Through the study of Xijiang River Basin cultural heritage corridor,this paper explores the distribution and manifestation of stone cultural landscape,and it puts forward the significance of stone cultural landscape protection,the overall protection strategy and the specific methods of protective development based on the protection of cultural heritage corridor,as well as the evolution law,distribution characteristics and value evaluation results of stone culture landscape.In the end,the basic viewpoints of this paper are summarized,and three innovative aspects are pointed out:(1)it fills the blank in cultural landscape research from the regional perspective of Xijiang River Basin,and conducts a study through the new perspective of locality;(2)the stone cultural landscape proposed by this paper is a theoretical innovation based on carrier type,which embodies the interdisciplinary characteristics;(3)it puts forward the idea of establishing the cultural heritage corridor in the Xijiang River Valley,which is of great significance for the cultural landscape protection in the Xijiang River Basin.