Optimization Design Of Acoustic And Daylight Environment For Commercial Building Atria

With our country's rapid economic development,the amount of building construction are increasing.The commercial buildings are being recognized to gradually represent the significance of urban rapid development and the economic growth.The atrium,as a long history of architectural space,has become the important shared space for buildings.It carries the fuctions of communication,rest,stay,entertainment and other activities.The social function,economic function and environmental function are all appeared in the atria.Because of its special architectural space scale,it makes a different feeling from the ordinary space.The physical environment are very important for the architectural design and it has become a significant thesis.The atrium forms are tightly related to the internal physical environment.The same parameters configurations of atrium will affect many aspects of the physical environment.However,most of the papers are focus on a single environment,and the comprehensive study on the daylight and acoustic environment is less.Therefore,the comprehensive physical environment and the interaction of the atrium design research needs to be strengthened,which could guide the direction of good design at the beginning of the architectural design,avoid repetition of designing,combine with the architectural design for comprehensive consideration and coordinated configurations,leading to the atrium with the physical environment comprehensive optimization.It also has the important significance on promoting the sustainable development of green building constructions.The aim of this thesis is to reveal the tendency of the acoustic and daylight variation,and optimize the environment for the commercial buildings atria combined with the weight of acoustic and daylight in atrium.Based on the investigations and methods of actual measurements of the commercial building atria,the objective tests of the physical environment and subjective questionnaire survey analysis,the essential data of typical atrium have been revealed.The methods of experts' questionnaires and analytic hierarchy process(AHP)have been used to study the weight of evaluation indicators of commercial buildings and of the physical environment in atrium.The ratio of the weight for the acoustics and daylights is 3:2,which has been supplied the theoretical basis for the atrium optizimation design.Through the methods of systemic review and numerical simulations,based on the geometry property,the surface property and the material property of the architectural design elements,the index of influencing on daylight environment and acoustic environment have been analyzed.The cooperativity and the contradictoriness of the effects on the plane form,section forms,skylight form s,surrounding space and the building materials have been presented.The qualitative basis and parameters have been applied for the numerical simulations and the optimization designs in the commercial buildings atria.On the basis of the general rules for the influences of the basic parameters on the acoustic and daylight environment,the softwares have been used to carry on the numerical simulations.Based on the geometry property and the surface property,the influences of the plane forms,section forms and skylight forms have been studied.With an increase in length,the average SPL decreases as an logarithmic curve;the reverberation time increases sharply in a small space and then slightly increases;the average daylight factor increases as a logarithmic curve.In terms of the length to width ratio,it increases for a given volume and area of the atrium,the average SPL decreases approximately linearly;reverberation time decreases unless the atrium is extremely high;the average daylight factor decreases as a logarithmic curve.With an increase in height,the average SPL decreases as also logarithmic;the reverberation time increases,stable and then decreases,determined by the absorption and scattering;the average daylight factor increaseds as an exponential curve.The daylight area is a significant indicator when the sectional form is V or A.For a flat skylight,the average SPL and reverberation time values are relatively larger than that of the other forms.The reverberation time can decrease nearly by 40% when the angle of a single-pitch skylight is 7°.The tendency and rules have been supplied to strategies foundation.Based on the particle swarm optimization algorithm of the intelligent optimization algorithm,according to the calculation procedures of the particle swarm optimization algorithm,combined with the general rules and the tendencies influenced of the physical environment,the single object optimization model of acoustic environment and daylight environment have been constructed.The multi objective optimiazation model of the comprehensive physical environment has also been established.The programming software MATLAB has been used to implement operation and results output.The aided optimization design tool has been also developed.Combined with the results of the particle swarm optimization algorithm,the simulation results and the general rules,the design strategies of the environment optimization in the atrium have been presented.