Research On Planning And Design Of Block Traffic System

Nowadays society,the insurmountable urban illness---urban traffic congestion,air pollution,noise pollution problem and so on are getting more and more severe,these problems have a bad effect on people's physical and mental health and the steady development of the society;meanwhile,in so many cities,streets have became the “home” of cars.Especially in the urban area of cities of “wide street,sparse network”,the wide roads and the big block together damage the microcirculation of the urban traffic system,so the distance of the pedestrian travel increases,people are getting more dependent on the motor traffic,the traffic congestion of external block is more serious,all in all,urban traffic is caught in vicious circle.In February 2016,the State Council issued a file: " optimizing the road network structure of urban blocks" and "promoting block system".In this context,this paper makes a series of related researches on the block system.Firstly,summarizing the historical evolution and related theories of Chinese and foreign cities.This paper analyzes the connotation and characteristics of block system,and makes it clear that the residential block type is the mian object of this study.Block system mianly studies the ideal space structure,makes definitions for the system constituent element,and describes the space structure model of the system,on these account,forming a three-level network—the street profile,livelihood unit and livelihood unit group.And according to the factors which influence the structure of different hierarchy,this paper judges blocks at three different levels of planar dimension,forms a clear classification,function,interconnected neighborhood system space structure model.This paper analyzes the characteristics of block transportation and mainly analyzes the relationship between supply and demand of block transportation.The supply of land use,the demand of people and the supply of transportation facilities form a logic ring.The influence of land use on transportation is mainly manifested in space scale,space form and land nature.Changes of traffic demand are mainly the change of resident trip characteristics,including the subject of transportation,transportation,travel purpose and travel distance and so on,reflecting the key indicators of traffic demand characteristics of the blocks.And the calculation method of carrying capacity of transportation environment is also studied.The mode of block transportation is selected and analyzed.This paper studies three typical modes of transportation: automobile oriented,bus and urban train oriented,and cycling and pedestrian oriented.The three modes of transportation are selected through the situation analysis,and therefore confirms the mode of block transportation is slow – oriented.Also making a simple explanation for the slow – oriented block system.Make a planning study on the block traffic network,especially analyze the aspects of the block system network structure and morphology of road network distribution,road density and spacing,the road cross-section,and the cohesion of bus systems.Establish an evaluation model of block system based on accessibility.The study of the block transportation anning organization proposed the analization strategy at different organizational level in the life unit area.Study on the slow space and the environmental design of block transportation.The study of spatial and environmental design strategies are mainly based on walking space and bicycle correlation space study,such as pedestrian road space,cross street facilities,bicycle paths,intersection design,bicycle parking space,street furniture,landscaping.The aim is to encourage people to travel in slow traffic.Finally,from the point of view of supply and demand equilibrium theory and environment constraint,under the relevant principle,this paper makes an efficiency evaluation on the block system by reasonably selecting the evaluation indexes.The index system of the block system is constructed,and the indexes weight are calculated by the analytic hierarchy process,which are standardized by the normalized model and gets the benefit evaluation form.