| In 2013 and 2014 year,under the condition of late rice in double-cropping rice,using indica-japonica hybrid rice,japonica hybrid rice,japonica conventional rice and indica hybrid rice as materials,using wet rice seeding hand planting method,using high yield cultivation management measures.The experiment concerned was carried out in six text point,Xujiafan village Hougang town Leping city Jiangxi province(29.000N,117.120E),Zengjia village Sixi town Shanggao county(28.270N,115.120E),Xiugu village Jinxi county(27.910N,116.740E),Bentan village Baisha town Jishui county(26.950N,115.440E),agriculture base of Gan county Ganzhou city(25.810N,114.960E),Yangtian village tianjiu town Dingnan county(24.750N,115.120E),respectively.Comparative study on comprehensive productivity of different rice varieties.By studying rice yield,growth period,utilization of temperature and light resources,photosynthetic characteristics of material production,tillering characteristics,nitrogen uptake and utilization and rice quality and other aspects,to explicit productivity and physiological and ecological characteristics of different types of double-cropping late rice in different latitudes in Jiangxi province,to provide theory and practical basis for scientific selection and planting regionalization of suitable late Japonica rice varieties.The main research results are as follows:(1)The yield of three-type late japonia rice is increased with the increasing latitudes.In the case of 2013(2014),as the latitudes rises by one unit,the yield of indica-japonica hybrid rice,japonica hybrid rice,japonica rice and indica hybrid rice increases by 0.36(0.32),0.18(0.22),0.25(0.20)t hm"2 respectively.Both indica-japonica hybrid rice and japonica hybrid rice yield significantly higher than indica hybrid rice in the same latitude,and with the exception of Ganzhou,conventional japonica rice yields significantly higher than indica hybrid rice.The three types of japonica rice at each experimental site could mature in safety.With the increasing latitude,the stage from seeding to elongation of each type rice lengthens noticeably and its whole growth periods is extended.As is shown in the extensions of stages from heading to mature,the whole growth periods of three types japonica rice are extremely noticeably longer than indica hybrid rice at the same experimental site.Utilization efficiency of light and temperature within three types of japonica rice shows such a trend as indica-japonica hybrid rice>japonica hybrid rice>japonica conventional rice>indica hybrid rice,therefore a conclusion can be drawn that the growth period is in direct proportion to utilization rate of temperature and light in terms of cropping late rice maturing in safety."Indica Rice to Japonica Rice" project in different latitudes in double-cropping late rice area of Jiangxi could significantly increase yield,temperature and illumination resource utilization.Compared with indica hybrid rice in local area,indica-japonica hybrid rice,japonica hybrid rice and japonica conventional rice grown in Leping and Shanggao have advantages in yield and temperature and illumination resource utilization,while indica-japonica hybrid rice grown in Ganzhou has obvious advantage.(2)With the increasing latitude,the tiller of different rice varieties shows steady rise and slow down trend,peak seedling number and ineffective tiller number reduction,the percentage of ear bearing tiller increased.Dry matter accumulation of indica-japonica hybrid rice,japonica hybrid rice and japonica conventional rice at jointing stage show decrease with increasing latitude,while increased at heading and maturity stage.Lower dry matter accumulation and proportion before jointing and the higher dry matter accumulation and proportion after jointing is the main reason of indica-japonica hybrid rice,japonica hybrid rice and japonica to obtain higher yield in high latitude.Higher grain leaf ratio,leaf area index at heading and maturity stage,higher photosynthetic potential,population growth rate and net assimilation rate after heading stage are the main characteristics of indica-japonica hybrid rice,japonica hybrid rice and japonica to obtain higher yield in high latitude.Dry matter accumulation of indica hybrid rice didn't show significant difference between latitudes.Indica-japonica hybrid rice had a significant higher yield compared with other rice varieties in different latitude in ecology,due to reasonable tiller growth at early growth stage,population structure with high luminous efficiency at middle growth stage and strong production and transformation ability at late growth stage.(3)The characteristics of nitrogen uptake,utilization and translocation show that:(?)In the same latitude,nitrogen content of different rice varieties at heading stage shows indica-japonica hybrid rice>indica hybrid rice>japonica hybrid rice>japonica conventional rice,nitrogen content of different rice varieties at mature stage shows indica-japonica hybrid rice>japonica hybrid rice>japonica conventional rice>indica hybrid rice.With the increasing latitudes,total nitrogen accumulation of indica-japonica hybrid rice,japonica hybrid rice and japonica conventional rice increased,due to the increase of dry matter accumulation.The total amount of nitrogen absorption of indica hybrid rice changes small in different latitudes,and show higher nitrogen accumulation at mature stage in low latitude.(?)In the same latitude,nitrogen absorb rate of different rice varieties before jointing show indica hybrid rice>japonica conventional rice>japonica hybrid rice>indica-japonica hybrid rice,nitrogen absorb rate of different rice varieties at middle growth stage show,while at late growth stage nitrogen absorb rate of different rice varieties show indica-japonica hybrid rice>japonica hybrid rice>japonica conventional rice>indica hybrid rice.In high latitudes,indica-japonica hybrid rice,japonica hybrid rice and japonica conventional rice have higher nitrogen absorb rate at middle and late growth stage,while in low latitudes,indica hybrid rice have higher nitrogen absorb rate at middle and late growth stage,(iii)In the same latitude,nitrogen efficiency of grain production and nitrogen dry matter production efficiency of different rice varieties show japonica conventional rice>indica hybrid rice>indica-japonica hybrid rice>japonica hybrid rice,nitrogen partial productivity show indica hybrid rice>indica-japonica hybrid rice>japonica hybrid rice>japonica conventional rice,hundreds of kilograms of grain nitrogen absorption show japonica hybrid rice>indica-japonica hybrid rice>indica hybrid rice>japonica conventional rice.With the increasing latitudes,nitrogen efficiency of grain production,nitrogen dry matter production efficiency and hundreds of kilograms of grain nitrogen absorption of indica-japonica hybrid rice,Japonica hybrid rice and japonica conventional rice increased.(4)Brown rice rate,milled rice rate,head rice rate chalky rice rate,chalky area and chalky degree of different rice varieties show japonica conventional rice>japonica hybrid rice>indica-japonica hybrid rice>indica hybrid rice.Eating/cooking quality and nutrition quality are better,the amylose content of different varieties show indica hybrid rice>indica-japonica hybrid rice>japonica hybrid rice>japonica conventional rice.Gel consistency of different rice varieties show japonica conventional rice>japonica hybrid rice>indica-japonica hybrid rice>indica hybrid rice,protein content of different rice varieties show indica hybrid rice>indica-japonica hybrid rice>japonica hybrid rice>japonica conventional rice.Peak viscosity,hot viscosity and breakdown value show japonica conventional rice>japonica hybrid rice>indica-japonica hybrid rice>indica hybrid rice,while setback viscosity and gelatinization temperature show opposite tendency.Therefore,some rice quality aspects of japonia cornventional rice,japonica hybrid rice and ndica-japonica hybrid rice is better than indica hybrid rice,especially some value of RVA profile characteristics is significantly better than indica hybrid rice. |
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