1.Correlation Of ?2-microglobulin Levels With Clinicopathologic Features In Prostate Cancer;2.Study On The Detecting Method Of Endoscopic Surgical Monitoring Apparatus And Its Application Effect

Background and Aims:Despite previous reports implying a role of ?2-microglobulin(?2M)in the development of prostate cancer(PCa),the correlation of serum ?2M with the clinicopathologic features,therapy efficacy and prognosis of patients with PCa have not been fully clarified.The present study aims to investigate the serum levels of ?2M in patients with PCa and explore the potential use of ?2M as a tumor marker for diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of PCa.Methods:The serum ?2M levels in 120 patients with PCa,50 patients with benign prostate hyperplasia(BPH)and 85 healthy age-matched controls were measured by enzyme immunoassay.The correlation of serum ?2M with the clinicopathologic features,therapy efficacy and the prognosis of PCa were subsequently assessed.Results:Our results showed that:(i)PCa patients had significantly higher levels of ?2M compared to those of patients with BPH or those of healthy controls.(ii)Serum P2M were markedly elevated in patients with high stage or grade PCa as compared to patients with low stage or grade PCa.Serum ?2M levels were significantly associated with the clinical stage and Gleason score in PCa patients.(iii)Patients with a high prostate-specific antigen(PSA)level had higher?2M level than those with a low PSA level.Serum ?2M levels were significantly associated with the serum PSA levels.(iv)Compared with the patients with BPH,PCa patients had significantly higher expression of P2M in prostate tissues.(v)We measured significantly higher levels of P2M in patients with metastasis as compared to patients lacking metastasis.(vi)During follow-up,serum ?2M showed a marked decrease after successful therapy and a significant further increase in recurrent disease.Serum P2M showed a significant positive correlation with serum PSA.Conclusions:Our results demonstrate that serum ?2M is correlated closely with the clinical stage,Gleason grade,PSA,distant metastasis and therapy efficacy in patients with PCa.Serum P2M may be a useful biomarker for clinical diagnosis,follow-up and prognosis of PCa.Objective:By designing the endoscopic surgical monitoring system and estimating the analytical performance of it,looking for a new kind of instrument that can monitor the blood loss and fluid absorption accurately and non-invasively during the endoscopic surgery.According to the information obtained from the apparatus,immediate and optimal treatment can be decided by the clinician.Methods:We designed the endoscopic surgical monitoring system based on the method of volumetric fluid balance.The system employed the strain gauge transducers to detect the inflows and outflows of the irrigating solutions.And,the photoelectric sensor was used to determine the concentration of the hemoglobin of the effluent.According to the hemoglobin concentration prior to the operation and the volume of the effluent,the amount of bleeding could be calculated.Then,the amount of the fluid absorption can be obtained according to the amount of the inflows and outflows of the irrigating solutions,bleeding and urine output.Next,the analytical performance of the endoscopic surgical monitoring system was validated by accuracy experiment,precision experiment and detection limit experiment.Results:(1)Estimation of linearity range and relative coefficient:According to the usage of six different irrigating solutions by the monitoring system,six standard curves of hemoglobin were established.The curves had good linearity relation in the range of 0.24-3.6 mg/mL.The correlative coefficient were 0.9990-0.9993.(2)Estimation of the detection limit:The detection limits of the photoelectric detector for hemoglobin were 0.14-0.20 mg/mL when 6 different irrigating solutions were used.(3)Estimation of precision:The intraday precision%CV of six concentration specimens of hemoglobin were from 1.77%to 6.93%.The interday precision%CV of six concentration specimens of hemoglobin were from 2.38%to 7.20%.(4)Estimation of accuraey:The recovery rates of three hemoglobin concentration levels were from 97.22%to 106.94%.Conclusions:The endoscopic surgical monitoring system was proved has the merits of good linearity relation,high precision and high accuracy.The usage of this monitoring system in the clinic will significantly decrease the complications.So,we conclude that the endoscopic surgical monitoring system will have a good prospect for clinical application.