| Research objective.Based on previous clinical traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome research,liver qi stagnation(LQS)and rental yang deficiency(RYD)syndrome were the major syndrome in depression.This research aim to further study the underlying mechanism of them by using task-fMRI.In order to satisfy this research,firstly,we developed a new stimuli system which consists of 4 dynamic facial emotion of male and female,that is happy,fearful,angry and peaceful.Secondly,adopting this system in task-fMRI to research discrepancies of depression with LQS and RYD in recognizing the different dynamic facial emotions.At last,by analyzing the hyper-/hypoactivity of brain areas of depression with LQS and RYD to provide the objectively evidence for traditional viscera and syndrome theory.Research method.First part,the invention of dynamic facial emotion stimuli.At the beginning,using FaceGen Modeller 3.5 Free software to design a male and female face respectively which meet the Asian people’s convention.Based on peaceful face emotion,Others-happy,fearful,angry-was designed by weighted emotional extent from 10%to 100%in this software.All the pictures were imported into AVS Video Editor forming a 4 seconds dynamic video.At last,After putting the videos into E-prime 2.0,we recruited male and female volunteers from Beijing University of Chinese Medicine to test this stimuli system and recorded the accuracy of the first,after training and 1 month later ’s recognition accuracy for some correlation analysis.The second part,Research of depression with TCM syndromes in recognizing the emotions.After new emotion stimuli system had well been tested,it was adopted in task-fMRI to research the emotional cognition of moderate depression with TCM syndrome patients who were sorted out by HAMD and LQS,RDS scales,and normal controls have no difference in democracy for patients were matched at the same time.The blocked design was used in E-prime 2.0 of task-fMRI research,using presentation software to show negative anger and fearful emotions,and positive happy emotion to subjects and recording the data of emotional recognition.Brain function data was analyzed in SPM 8 on Matlab operating platform,getting the distinct varying brain areas.Research results.The first part,All the male and female volunteers are nearly same in demography,education,intelligence quotient and so on.All the emotions’ recognition accuracy except fear were meet the standards,accuracy over 80%,no matter in the first time or after immediate training or 1 month washout period,and female was higher than male in recognizing all the emotions after training and 1 month later test,and female’s accuracy are all over 80%.1)Compared with first test,results of male and female in recognizing same or opposite sex’s emotions after immediate training or 1 month washout period.During the after training test,compared the first test accuracy of male in recognizing opposite sex’s total and fearful emotion are increased,while,recognizing same sex’s happy emotion is decreased.Accuracy of female increased in same sex’s emotions except happy,and there was no different in recognizing opposite sex’s emotions.During test of after 1 month’s washout time,compared with fir’st test,compared with first test,there was no difference in recognizing same sex’s emotions in male,and accuracy in recognizing opposite sex’ peaceful and total emotions are increased.Female’s accuracy increased in recognizing same sex’ emotions except happy and angry,yet in recognizing the opposite sex’s emotion,female’s was same as male’s.2)Results of male and female in recognizing specific emotions.In total accuracy,female in recognizing the opposite sex was up the most in the first test,after training there was no difference for female,but higher than male,in recognizing the same and opposite sex.In happy accuracy,there were same in male and female in first test and after washout period,and female was higher than male in recognizing opposite sex’ s after training.In angry accuracy,male was lowest in recognizing opposite sex,and female in recognizing same sex was higher than male in recognizing opposite sex after training,there was no difference in female recognizing same or opposite sex,but male was higher in recognizing opposite sex than same sex after washout period.In peaceful accuracy,male recognizing same sex was higher than female’s and male in opposite sex,while,female recognizing opposite sex was higher than same sex and male recognizing opposite sex,and female was higher in recognizing same and opposite sex than male recognizing same sex,after washout period,female was highest than others.The second part,There are no difference in democratic characteristics,education,cognation,IQ between LQS,RYD group and its controls respectively,and two groups exist discrepancy in syndrome scales.1)Compared with all control,all patients increased in left fusiform,left superior pole:temporal gyrus,right insula,right precuneus gyrus when recognizing angry emotion,while,decreased in superior frontal medical gyrus.There was no increased brain areas when recognizing fearful emotion,but left precuneus lobe,left middle cingulum gyrus,left middle frontal gyrus,left superior temporal gyrus,left and right superior frontal medial gyrus,right cuneus lobe,right calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex,right inferior frontal gyrus,opercular part,right inferior frontal gyrus,triangular part,right thalamus,right middle occipital gyrus,right supramarginal gyrus,right superior parietal gyrus,right paracentral lobule were decreased.When recognizing happy emotin,brain areas increased in left middle frontal gyrus,lfet limbic lobe,right superior temporal gyrus,right middle occipital gyrus,right rolandic operculum,yet decreased in superior frontal gyrus,medial orbital,left middle temporal gyrus,left and superior parietal gyrus,right inferior parietal gyrus,right superior frontal gyrus.There was no changing brain function in recognizing peaceful emotion.2)Compared with its control,when LQS recognizing anger emotion the brain areas in left fusiform gyrus,left middle trmporal gyrus,left cuneus lobe,right precuneus was hyperactivity,while,left and right superior frontal medial gyrus,right precentral gyrus.There was no increased brain areas when recognizing fearful emotion,but left cingulate gyrus,left middle temporal gyurs,left superior temporal gyrus,left calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex,left precentral gyrus,left middle occipital gyrus,left superior parietal gyrus,right cuneus lobe,right precentral gyrus,right supramarginal gyrus,right superior parietal gyrus,right superior frontal gyrus,right superior frontal gyrus were decreased.When recognizing happy emotion the hyperactivity was right insula lobe,the superior parietal gyrus were decreased.There was no increased brain areas in recognizing peaceful emotion,but left angular gyrus,left and right superior frontal middle gyrus,right thalamus,right superior temporal gyrus were decreased.3)Compared with control,the increased functional brain areas of RYD group recognizing angry emotion were left amygdala,left precuneus lobe,left and right superior frontal gyrus,right insula,right supramarginal,right middle cingulum gyrus,right superior parietal gyrus,but the hypoactivity brain areas was left inferior frontal gyrus,triangular part.There was no hyperactivity brain area for RYD recognizing fearful emotion,but left precuneus lobe,left superior temporal gyrus,left superior medial frontal gyrus,right supramarginal gyrus,right superior parietal gyrus,right inferior frontal gyrus,triangular part.When recognizing happy emotion,there is no discrepancy brain activity between RYD and its control.As for peaceful emotion,there left middle occipital gyrus,left and right amygdale,right superior temporal gyrus were hyperactivity,while,left middle frontal gyrus was hypoacitvity.Comparison between LQS and RYD,when recognizing angry emotion,left inferior frontal gyrus,triangular part,and right middle frontal gyrus were hyperactivity,but left fusiform gyrus,left inferior occipital gyrus,left superior occipital gyrus,left inferior parietal gyrus,left hippocampous,right parahippocampal gyrus,right superior temporal gyrus,right middle cingulum gyrus,right superior frontal gyrus,and right postcentral gyrus were hypoactivity.When recognizing fearful emotion,there was no varying brain area.In happy emotion recognition,left middle temporal gyrus,left putamen,left post cingulum gyrus were hyperactivity,while,left middle frontal gyrus,right inferior occipital gyrus were hypoactivity.There was only one brain area hyperactivity when recognizing peaceful emotion,that is left inferior frontal gyrus,opercular part,however,left middle temporal gyrus,left middle occipital gyrus,left angular gyrus,left precuneus,left and right hippocampus,right parahippocampal gyrus,right superior frontal gyrus,right superior temporal gyrus,right precentral gyrus.Research conclusion.First part,except fearful emotion,angry,fearful,peaceful emotions meet the experimental standard in this stimuli system.After analyzing discrepancies of male and female recognizing same or opposite sex’s 4 emotions,female was superior to male in memory,and more sensitive than male in recognizing face emotion.However,male was sensitive to same sex’s negative emotion,especially angry.Second part,on analysis of LQS and RYD’s brain function,mechanism of LQS’s brain function is mainly incorrectly discriminating emotions,that is hyper-analyze the emotion leading to incorrect,and exist the unbalancing emotions.While,RYD mainly in unable to recognize the emotion leading to incorrectly discriminating emotions,and have the disability in cognition.When recognizing angry emotion,LQS showed increased functional brain functions in facial emotion recognition,while,decreased brain areas in self-conscience and laughing,these may well explain TCM theory liver control the anger.When recognizing fearful emotion,RYD showed decreased functional brain areas in spatial attention,memory,cognition and other imaginary abilities,as well as competitive,TCM theory rental control fear can be well explained.As for theory liver and rental have a same functional source,can be well interpreted by left and right superior temporal gyrus,right marginal gyrus,right superior parietal gyrus,especially the superior temporal gyrus. |
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