| Objective:To compare with the different brain transactivation domain in normal volunteer under recognizing different facial expression, by using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique and chinese facial affective picture system visual stimulus modality, and to explore the neural basis of the facial expression recognition in order to provide the reference basis for the neuropsychology research. Meanwhile, to study preliminary the sexual differences of the neural basis of the facial expression recognition by comparing with the different brain transactivation domain in normal male and female volunteer under recognizing different facial expression.Materials and Methods:Twenty-four right-handed healthy adults volunteers (twelve male, twelve female) underwent blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) fMRI voluntarily while recognizing happy, anger, sad, neutral emotional expression. fMRI data were analyzed by using statistical parametric mapping (SPM2) software to generate the activation map. One-sample t-test was used to perform group analysis.Results:1, The brain transactivation domain under recognizing happy expression in the normal female adults included:the right medial frontal gyrus (BA6), the left precentral gyrus (BA4, BA6), the right inferior frontal gyrus (BA46), the left inferior frontal gyrus (BA9), the left inferior parietal lobule (BA40), the right occipital lobe cuneus (BA18), the left amygdala, the left cingulate gyrus (BA32), the left putamen, the right insula (BA13). And those in the normal male adults included:the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (BA45), the bilateral occipital lobe cuneus (BA18), the left inferior parietal lobule (BA40), the left subiculum hippocampi (BA28) /amygdala, the left cingulate gyrus (BA32), the left putamen, and the left caudate tail.2, The brain transactivation domain of recognizing anger expression in the normal female adults included:the bilateral medial frontal gyrus (BA9), the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (BA8), the left inferior frontal gyrus (BA45), the left medial frontal gyrus (BA8, BA10, BA46), the right superior frontal gyrus (BA9), the right inferior frontal gyrus (BA10), the right medial frontal gyrus (BA6), the right inferior occipital gyrus (BA18), the left inferior occipital gyrus (BA17), the left occipital lobe cuneus (BA18), the bilateral amygdala, the bilateral cingulate gyrus (BA24), and the right caudate tail. And those in normal male adults included: the bilateral precentral gyrus (BA6), the left medial frontal gyrus (BA6, BA9, BA46), the right occipital lobe cuneus (BA18), the left medial occipital gyrus (BA18), the left superior temporal gyrus (BA22, BA38), the right medial temporal gyrus (BA21, BA39), the bilateral amygdale, the bilateral cingulate gyrus (BA32), the right claustrum, and the left insula (BA13).3, The brain transactivation domain of recognizing sad expression in the normal female included:the bilateral superior frontal gyrus (BA10), the left medial frontal gyrus (BA9, BA46), the right inferior frontal gyrus (BA46, BA47), the right medial frontal gyrus (BA6, BA10), the right parietal lobe postcentral gyrus (BA3), the left parietal lobe supramarginal gyrus (BA40), the right inferior occipital gyrus (BA17), the left medial occipital gyrus (BA18), the left occipital lobe fusiform gyrus (BA19), the left middle temporal gyrus (BA21), the right amygdala, the bilateral cingulate gyrus (BA24), the right putamen, and the right claustrum. And those in the normal male adults included:the bilateral superior frontal gyrus (BA6), the bilateral precentral gyrus (BA4), the right inferior frontal gyrus (BA47), the right parietal lobe precuneus (BA31), the right occipital lobe cuneus (BA18), the left superior temporal gyrus (BA39), the right media temporal gyrus (BA22, BA39), the right temporal lobe fusiform gyrus (BA37), the right amygdale, the bilateral cingulate gyrus (BA24, BA32), the left hippocampus, and the right putamen.To sum up, the prefrontal lobe and the limbic lobe were activated obviously in the different expression processing in normal female and male. It was possible that different nerve thoroughfare be involved in the different expression processing, the most important thoroughfare is "prefrontal lobe--the left amygdala--the left cingulate gyrus" in happy recognizing processing, "prefrontal lobe--the bilateral amygdala--the bilateral cingulate gyrus" in anger recognizing processing, "prefrontal lobe--the right amygdala-- the bilateral cingulate gyrus" in sad recognizing processing. The sexual difference was not obvious of nervous basis in the facial expression recognization, but the strength and scope of transactivation domain of the amygdala in the female is greater than male in the happy and sad expression processing, while hippocampus is activated obviously in male expression processing.Conclusion:1, The function of each brain area is not independence rather than a cooperation with multiple brain area in the processing of identifying different valence expression in health adult, thereinto, the prefrontal lobe, amygdala, cingulate gyrus and basal ganglia is the especially important structures.2, The processing of different expression have common nervous basis and unique integration characteristics.3, There is an interaction between the prefrontal lobe and amygdala in the processing of identifying different valence expression in health adult. It is possible that different nerve thoroughfare be involved in the different expression processing, and most important thoroughfare is "prefrontal lobe--amygdala--cingulate gyrus".4, Cingulate gyrus and amygdala have been participated in both the negative (anger, sad) and positive (happy) expression recognizing processing in the same time. It is suggested that the left amygdala selectively be involved in happy processing, whereas the right amygdala selectively be involved in sad processing, the bilateral cingulate gyrus (BA24,BA32) and amygdala all selectively be involved in fear processing.5, The sexual difference is not obvious of nervous basis in the facial expression recognization, but amygdala may play a important roles in the happy and sad female expression processing and hippocampus may selectively be involved in male expression processing.
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