A Study Of Lower Senses Sensation Words Between Chinese And Vietnamese And Its Teaching

People get the basic experience from five organ senses.People always describe abstract concept with some words they can feel from organ senses.We can find some examples from the lexical system in each language.There are abundant organ sense vocabularies in various languages around the world.These words can be classified as 5 types as follows:visual words,auditory words,gustatory words,tactile words and olfactory words.In the process of language usage,except their primary meanings,those words still have abundant conceptual metaphor meaning,especially the synaesthesia metaphor meaning,which could meet the requirements of people while communicating.Hence,we know that,the correlation research on sense words has always been attached great importance by the specialists both in the language and culture sphere.The research before focused on the sensory verbs and visual words in China.Nowadays,people are increasingly paying more attention to the lower sensory words such as feeling words or tactile words.Especially the contrastive research on lower sensory words in Vietnamese is blank.Referring to domestic related research in Vietnam,the essay,based on the some correlated Chinese linguistic research,deals with the contrastive pragmatic study on sensory words in Vietnamese and Chinese.With the detailed contrastive analyses,it shows the differences between the lexical system,word creation ability and semantic structure in Vietnamese and Chinese.On this basis,the paper explores the biased errors while using these sensory words in Chinese acquisition and puts forward the correspondent teaching strategies.There are five key chapters for this essay,which consists of three parts:the introduction,the body part and the conclusion.The introduction mainly expounds the backgrounds,the definite research object,and the research significance.In the current study,I conduct a literature review,find out the inadequacies,and ascertain the main research task,methods,the scope,and the source corpus.Chapter one,based on the analyses and comparison of 26 basic sensory words in static perspective in dictionaries of Chinese and Vietnamese,explicates the Chinese sensory words as follows:“sour,sweet,bitter,salty,spicy,tough,soft,light,heavy,cold,hot,mild,cool" and explores the respondent word meanings in Vietnamese:"chua,ngot,dang,man,cay,cung,mem,nhe,nang,nong,lanh,am,mat".After comparison,according to the meanings,the word families are classified and the word-formation ability is compared with each other.In two languages,the senses of two corresponding basic sensation words are more different.There are more abundant senses in Chinese sensation words than in Vietnamese.The same is the formation ability.Therefore,the amount of sensation words in Chinese is larger than them in Vietnamese.The derivative meaning can be classified as three categories:action behavior meaning,psychological perception meaning and abstract conception meaning.In Chapter two,synaesthetic metaphor is a special metaphor in the sphere of sensory words.In the research of the synaesthetic metaphor,the five sensory organs can be divided into lower sensory organs and higher ones.Tactile words and gustatory words are belonging to the lower ones.Because people could smell things and touch the objective world without any exterior media.Those feelings coming from touching and smelling are easily perceived.However,these words could be used to describe other higher feelings,which means synaesthetic metaphor.It shows Chinese synaesthetic metaphors of lower tactile words and gustatory words are similar to those in Vietnamese.But in two different languages,the synaesthetic projection ability is different.The projection of synaesthetic is from lower sensory domain to higher sensory domain.And it is not unidirectional.In many cases,higher sensory words could be used to describe feelings from the lower sensory organs.In Chapter three,emotion is the most important part of human life experiences.Untouchable,invisible and abstract sentimental experience is basically expressed by the concrete and visual sensory words.In this section,based on experience theory of recognition linguistics,emotion metaphors about tactile words and gustatory words are contrastively analyzed in Chinese and Vietnamese.In the conceptualization process of abstract emotion,most tactile and gustatory sensation words could project the emotion domain.Human could have the same physical response to the specific emotion,which is the resource of emotional metaphors.The main reason why there is much difference between emotional metaphors is the different cultural patterns,cognitive styles and associative thinking.In Chapter four,based on the dynamic language corpus explores,counts the domains projected from multiple sensorial words,and analyzes the transfer from tactile and gustatory words to non-sense domain,such as:temperament domain,attitude domain,disease domain,environment domain,technology domain,war domain,economy domain,event situation domain,concerned domain,situation domain,time domain,character domain,disposition domain and other secondary projection.Furthermore,every pair of sensorial words are contrastively anlyzed and presented the differences of semantics in tables in two languages to explain the different synaesthesia metaphors meanings.In Chapter five,according to the above the research results the author designed the questionnaire and conduct the investigation on the situation of how Vietnamese students grasp the extended meanings of Chinese tactile words and gustatory words.The author made the statistical classification,concluded the learners' biased errors,analyzed the reason why and put forward the correspond strategy and method.In the conclusion part,the author drew a conclusion of the research,stated the similarities and differences of the tactile words and gustatory words between Chinese and Vietnamese,and talked about some existing problems and the outlook of the research.