From Secularization To Religious Market

Religious phenomenon has a long history and is widely existed in various human societies.Its manifestations are diverse and varied.It has a profound impact on the development of human civilization.Since ancient times,the reflection and demonstration of religious phenomena have formed a rich ideological achievement.For a long time,thoughts and explanations about religious phenomena have been occupied by theological ideas,and even in the medieval European philosophy have become the slaves of theology.After the Enlightenment,social science research on religious phenomena began to rise,but the foundation of the lack of empirical research was always caught in atheism and irrationality.In 1873,Max Muller's introduction to the book "Introduction to Religion" marks the emergence of religious studies and opens up a new way to study religious phenomena.With the continuous development of religious disciplines,in its internal gradually formed a religious philosophy,religious sociology,religious psychology,religious anthropology,religious history,religious phenomenology and many other branches of science,scientific research method of religious moment Into the wind.In 1898,the French sociologist Dirkheim in the "basic form of religious life," a book,formally put forward the "religious sociology" of the name,marking the academic sense of the creation of religious sociology.In this paper,from the perspective of the development of disciplines,the evolution of theoretical themes as a clue,since the birth of religious sociology over a hundred years time in the theoretical level of the achievements of a systematic summary.On the basis of combing the viewpoints,we should pay attention to the development and transformation of the theoretical tradition of paradigmatic significance in the development of religious sociology.The first chapter focuses on the subject orientation of religious sociology and the disciplines.Although the creation of religious sociology has been more than a hundred years time,but until now there is no universal definition of religious sociology,there is a specification on the subject also need to be summed up in the system based on the history of the summary.This chapter summarizes the disciplinary orientation and methodology of religious sociology,the definition of research object and the scope of research,and the selection of research methods.The second chapter focuses on the social and historical basis and the basis of disciplines to promote the emergence and development of religious sociology.It is pointed out that the emergence of religious sociology is the result of the development of scientist thought since the Western Renaissance and the reflection of the "rationalism" spirit in religious studies after the Enlightenment.The emergence of religious sociology is not only the characteristics of the religious phenomenon itself,but also the development of sociology and religious disciplines.The rise of religion makes the study of religion possible,and the development of sociology disciplines for religious sociology research provides a solid theoretical and methodological basis.third chapter Reviewed the creation of religious sociology and the formation of early theoretical traditions.Pointed out that the early religious sociology has a rich theoretical source,it is based on the corresponding theoretical results formed on the basis of Max.Weber and Emir.Durkheim as the representative of the classical religious sociology of the two theoretical traditions: comparative religious sociology and functionalist religious sociology.The early sociologists such as Durkheim,Max.Weber,Georg Simmel,and Karl Heinrich Marx put forward a rich theoretical view on the origin and development of religion,Thanks to the long-term development of sociological theory,in the 1950 s,on the basis of the preliminary theoretical achievements,Parsons created the sociological structuralist theory of tradition.The theory regards religion as part of society,emphasizing the important role of religion in social values at the cultural value level.Because of its dominance in the sociology of the acquisition,and sometimes become the dominant area of religious sociology "paradigm."The fourth chapter focuses on the transformation of the first "paradigm" in the history of the development of religious sociology.After the decline of structural functionalism theory,the theoretical model of religion "secularization",which predicts the decline of religion and is about to die as the core proposition,has become the most dominant "paradigm" in the field of religious sociology since the 1960 s.This chapter makes a comprehensive analysis and explanation of the origin of the concept of secularization,the main manifestation of religious secularization,the representative view of religious secularization theory and the explanatory power of theory and its follow-up.chapter Five This paper focuses on the "religious market theory" model developed after the popularization of the theory of "secularization" of religion.The theory of religious activities than the market behavior,the use of economic supply and demand model to explain the rise and fall of religious phenomena.In the positive criticism of the old paradigm,it is also trying to construct itself as a new "paradigm" of religious sociology theory.This chapter makes a systematic summary and comment on the background of the theory of religious market,the origin and development of theory,the construction of proposition and model,and the explanatory power of theory.On the basis of this,the applicability of the theory of religious market in Chinese religious research is tested with the empirical data of local research.