| Sports documentary as a form of mass media which records sport events,reflects political and cultural circumstances,as well as transmits values,beliefs and social conventions,plays an important role in Chinese society.At the beginning of the New China when television was not popular,sports documentary functioned as sports news report,which informed the public with stories around sports development in China.In television era,sports documentary gradually separated from news reports and turned to humanistic perspective which focused more on the spreading of sports culture and values.And now,new media has become an important platform of sports documentary communication.Sports documentary enters into a diversified era.This dissertation studies the history of sports documentary in mainland China from the perspective of media sociology.The introduction of the dissertation presents the origin of this research and raises the problems that will be studied:Enumerated the history of sports documentary and analysis social forces which influenced the development of sports documentary in the theory of political economy of communication.With the deepening of the reform of documentary industry,the logic of market is in dominant position.Does the influence and restriction of politics still exist?And how does it work?What problems and opportunities does sports documentary have?e.g.By introducing the perspective of media sociology,the interaction between media and society can be further studied on a macro level.Therefore,some social factors behind the producing of sports documentary and factors of politics,economy and culture behind different aesthetic features the documentaries presented,can be analyzed.The transition of function of sports documentary and the state discourse and market power behind it can also be researched.The specific methods of this dissertation include:literature research,depth interviews and field study,text analysis,case study,etc.Chapter 1 studied sports documentary during 1949-1965 which was the start-up and exploration stage.After the founding of Central Newsreel and Documentary Film Studio in 1953,the Chinese sports documentary film had a big development.Sports documentary was produced by the state during this period.And the topics covered both mass sports and competitive sports.Second,sports documentary emphasized the function of news record.And then,this chapter analyzed the realistic aesthetic orientation and romantic aesthetic orientation in sports documentary.In the end,it studied how sports documentary consolidate the legitimacy of the regime and achieved social mobilization by case study of Conquer The Everest.The summary section discussed the problems in this period.They are contemporary problems,but have practical significance.Chapter 2 studied sports documentary during 1966-1976.It coincided with the ten years of the Great Cultural Revolution.This chapter analyzed the news record function of sports documentary during ping-pong diplomacy in history and the friendship beyond classes.Meanwhile,this chapter studied the Class Discourse Presentation and Female Images by reinterpreted Conquer The Everest Again and Conquer The Everest.Chapter 3 studied sports documentary during 1977-1992 which was golden times of sports documentary films.The prosperity of sports contributed a great deal of materials for sports documentary and the numbers of sports documentary films increased by large margin.There were great achievements in art exploration,such as the applying of realistic aesthetics in sports documentary.Sports documentary separated the news function gradually and turn to culture communication.Meanwhile,the dominant discourse in sports documentary had changed from revolutionary discourse to modernization discourse.And then,this chapter focused the national narratives in sports documentary.Sports documentary finished national narratives by construction of the "Self-Other" relationship in space and national self-comparative in time.The last part discussed the problem of lack of speculation in sports documentary by contrasting with sports reportage.Chapter 4 studied sports documentary during 1993-2016 which is a new period of diversification.There were two opportunities in this period:First,the columnization of television documentary provided a platform.Second,the emerging new media becoming promoted the marketization of sports documentary.In this part,the author studied the diverse main making body of sports documentary,the diversifying of artistic forms in sports documentary and different ways of producing.And then,it analyzed how the market logic influences the way of political communication.The next section analyzed the invisible political discipline in the era of marketization.There are no political requirements from authorities.But patriotism and nationalism have been internalized by the producers of sports documentary.Otherwise,the supervision of broadcast by authorities is some kind of invisible political discipline to control the behavior of the producers.The summary part discussed the problem of over much humanity in sports documentary and less sports aesthetics.The sports aesthetics in sports documentary is the essential characters to distinguish sports documentary with other type of documentary.Chapter 5 analyzed the contemporary environment of sports documentary on a macro level,discussed marginalization crisis and opportunities of sports documentary.In different periods,the topics,aesthetics,functions of sports documentary were influenced and restricted by different factors:propaganda policy,sports industry,reform of media,media technology and subjective intent of producers,etc.There are some kinds of logic among these factors and they influenced each other.In different phrases,each documentary has its own dominant factors.The crisis comes from both inner and the media environment.But both documentary industry and sports industry are supported by authorities now.The sports documentary has good opportunities.Moreover,the new media technology offered new possibilities too.There are three dominant driving factors:political momentum,capital-driven,technology-driven.On this basis,the dissertation offers two possible paths:entertainment of the marketing sports documentary and cross-culture communication function of propaganda documentary.Whether as propaganda works or as cultural commodities,these hundreds of sports documentaries not only recorded great events in sports history but also drawn the varied tracks of sports value,not only recorded the progress of Chinese sports modernization but also became a part of sports modernization.Sports documentary is not only recorded sports but also reflected the change of the whole society which is worthy of further research. |
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