The Influence Of Parents’ Marriage On College Students’ Psychological Adaption

Marriage relationship is the core functional system of the family,which will exert a far-reaching impact upon the children’s psychological adaptation and development.The existing research focused more upon the psychological adaptation issue of the children at the child or adolescent stage,while this study is concerned with college students’ the special transitional period from adolescents to adulthood.Therefore,the study on the impacts of parental marital status on the psychological adaptation of their children in this stage has its unique meaning.Due to the complexity of the concept of marriage relationship and the existing limitations of the assessment methods,the existing research,as a matter of fact,is still lacking a more in-depth,systematic discussion on the subject that how the college students’ psychological adaptation is impacted by their parental marriage relationship.Such as,what are the factors of parents’ marriage that affect their psychological adaptation? What is the difference in the law of influence compared to the individual in the adolescent stage? For students from different family backgrounds,especially from the social underprivileged ranks,what are the differences of the college students’ psychological susceptibility factor of the parents’ marital relationship? Similar questions require more researches to be answered.This study,taking family as a unit,2054 parents,1313 students,coming from 17 different types of colleges and 6 middle schools,were assessed.Combined with the characteristics of social development in China,this study focuses on the key selection of migrant workers,laid-off workers and serious illness patients,through the comparison,analysis at different levels of marital relations variables of the three types of underprivileged groups and normal groups,summarize the marriage relationship modes of the underprivileged groups and examine the differences in the effects of different parental marriages on college students’ psychological adaptation.In addition,due to the university stage as a critical period from adolescents to the adults,this survey will be conducted forlongitudinal comparative study for the college students and middle school students,the two adjacent age groups,to further clarify the psychological adaptation law of college students.Finally,from the perspective of positive psychology and the theory of self-differentiation,this paper examines the psychological protection effect of college students ’own psychological resilient quality and examines the possible adjustment significance of parent-child value differentiation,and explores the protective factors in college students’ psychological adaptation.Through the discussion of the above questions,this study mainly draws the conclusions as follows:(1)Based on the level of conflict and support behavior between husband and wife,marriage relationship can be divided into "happiness and harmony,alienation and indifference,hostility and attack,husband’s tolerance,wife’s tolerance,peaceful spend" six types.The classification of the marriage types also support the hypothesis of Social Exchange Theory that conflict and support in marriage are two relatively independent behavioral functional systems.(2)Husband and wife of happiness-harmony & peaceful spend types,have a high degree of marital satisfaction,while the marital satisfaction is the lowest for the hostile attack and alienated indifference types.In the other two types of imbalance marriage(husband tolerant and wife-tolerant),the tolerant party has a higher degree of marital satisfaction,but at the expense of sacrificing the marriage satisfaction of the giving support,forbidden restraint party.(3)The migrant workers’ groups as a whole show marital relations characterized by "alienated-indifference",and they lack the advice of solving problems or direct help to their spouse,they also lack the expression of daily intimate behavior,and their marriage support in all groups are at the lowest level;unemployed groups show a "compromiseavoidance" as the core characteristics of the marriage relationship,they can maintain a high level of support in marriage,but also occur less intense verbal or physical attack,but they lack deep understanding and tacit understanding,tend to adopt a compromise and avoidance to deal with pressure and conflict;serious illness patients mainly show a "attack-disability" of the marital relationship mode,they are most prone to occur verbal and physical conflict,also tend to involve others in the conflict,and the support between spouse is at a low level,especially they lack physical intimacy.(4)The psychological symptoms of college students are mainly affected by the father-conflict related behaviors and the level of parental emotional support.The emotional support between parents and whether the parents can face the conflict in the way of directly pointing problem-solving,exert a strong influence on the college students’ learning burnout.The college students’ social anxieties are mostly affected by the level of parental emotion,information support and parental cooperation consultation,and the support from the mother side shows a greater impact effect.(5)The college students,whose parental marriage relationship characterized by the hostile attack,show the worst psychological adaptation overally.Psychological symptoms and learning burnout levels were significantly higher than other types;College students whose parents are alienated indifferent types,their main problems lie in the social anxiety,and lack of the sense of accomplishment in learning;In the husband-tolerant family,their children are more prone to show "disability and chaotics" symptoms,they have a higher sense of exhaustion and a lower sense of accomplishment in learning;and in the wife tolerant family,college students did not show more adaptation problems,but perform the good psychological adaptation state similar to the students from happy-harmonious family.(6)In the migrant worker group,the mother’s emotional support has no significant protection effect on the children’s psychological symptoms,and the mother’s involvement of others in the conflict has a more adverse effect on the psychological symptoms of college students.In addition,if the father is more inclined to give their wife a direct or material support to solve the problem,but instead it will raise the anxiety of the children’s social intercourse.In the laid-off unemployed group,the father’s physical attack level did not show significant effect on the psychological symptoms of college students.In the serious illness patient group,the more difficult for the mother to deal with the conflict in a cooperative manner,the more adverse impact will be caused on the children’s learning burnout.(7)The overall psychological adaptation level of college students is higher than that of middle school students.The psychological symptoms of college students are mainly related to the behavioral factors of father’s marital conflict,and the psychological symptoms of middle school students are mainly related to the support behavior of their father.On the mother side,their involvement in the conflict,the stalemate of silence have a strong influence upon the college and middle school students.In terms of learning burnout,bothcollege students and middle school students are mainly affected by the level of parental emotional support,and their learning burnout is also related to behavioral manner of parents’ directly pointing to conflict resolution or not(stalemate,avoidance-capitulation,collabration).On the issue of social anxiety,the same is that parents’ support-related behaviors play a key role,and the support characteristics of the mother side show the apparent impact of the children’s social anxiety.(8)In the aspect of marital interaction factor,both the understanding and satisfaction of parents have a strong influence on the psychological symptoms and learning burnout of college students and middle school students.The role interaction between parents is a unique predictor of the psychological symptoms of college students,while the degree of tacit understanding of parents is a unique predictor of learning burnout in middle school students.(9)Self-confidence is an important protective factor for college students’ psychological adaptation.High self-confidence level of college students can inhibit the adverse effect of parental conflict for their own learning burnout and social anxiety.The sense of life has positive adjustment significance to the psychological adaptation of college students.The students who are full of goals and sense of meaning in their own lives are less affected by the level of father’s marital conflict and avoid excessive learning burnout.In addition,the sense of life of college students will enhance the positive effect of parental marriage support,and reduce their social anxiety and psychological symptoms.The more emotional college students are,the higher level of mother’s marriage support behavior,thus exacerbating the children’s social anxiety.(10)The lower value differentiation of father and son(that is,the higher value consistency of father and son),it will reduce the protective effect of mother’s marriage support on the psychological symptoms of children,but will reduce the negative impact of father’s conflict behavior on children’s learning burnout.