A Study On The Give-type Verbs In Ancient Chinese

The give-type verbs in ancient Chinese form the semantic field of giving in ancient Chinese.This paper combines lexical study with grammatical study,diachronic study with synchronic study,combs the give-type verbs in different historical periods of ancient Chinese,shows the use of give-type verbs in different periods,and outlines their developmental context.The author tries to present the whole situation of give-type verbs in ancient Chinese.The first chapter studies the Chinese give-type verbs in Shang dynasty.In Shang dynasty,there are 19 give-type verbs,which are divided into four types: bestowal verbs,payment verbs,progressive verbs and gift verbs.The Chinese give-type verbs of Shang dynasty embody the concept of hierarchy.The style difference is obvious,few in quantity and mainly in the verb of giving and offering.The second chapter studies the Chinese give-type verbs in the Western Zhou dynasty.There are 49 give-type verbs in the Western Zhou dynasty,which are also divided into four types: the bestowal verb,the pay class verb,the progressive verb and the gift verb.The style difference is small,and the bestowal verb is on the side.The third chapter studies the Chinese give-type verbs in the Spring and Autumn period.There are 56 give-type verbs in the Spring and Autumn period,which are more than those in the Shang dynasties and the Western Zhou dynasties.They are divided into the bestowal verbs,the pay and class verbs,the progressive verbs and the gift verbs,the supply type verb and the loan type verb.There are six kinds of verbs.The semantic system of give-type verbs in Spring and Autumn period is further enriched,and the sense of hierarchy begins to weaken.The fourth chapter studies the Chinese give-type verbs in the warring States period.In the warring States period,there are 54 give-type verbs,which are also divided into six types: the bestowal verb,the pay class verb,the progressive verb,the gift verb,the supply type verb and the loan type verb.During the warring States period,the internal members of the semantic field of give-type verbs were relatively stable,the number of polysyllabic words increased and the tendency of disyllabic was obvious.The fifth chapter studies the give-type verbs in the literature of the Han Dynasty.There are 59 give-type verbs in the literature of the Han Dynasty,which are still divided into six types: the bestowal verbs,the payment verbs,the progressive verbs,the gift verbs,the supply verbs and the loan verbs.The internal classification of give-type verbs in the literature of Han Dynasty is basically stable and the tendency of written language is obvious.The sixth chapter studies the development of give-type verbs in ancient Chinese,including the semantic field distribution and common words of give-type verbs and the development of word meaning of give-type verbs in ancient Chinese.