A Study On The Exile Literature Of Gansu Province During The Republican Period Of China

Literature prospect in Gansu province during the Republican period,due to the marginal region and the scarcity of materials,has been in a fuzzy state.So it is difficult to understand how the modern culture and literature enter and affect this regional culture and literature.Gansu literature during the Republican period has never been spontaneous,although somewhat sluggish in time than other areas,both cultural implication and spiritual connotation still bear the distinct characteristics of the times and the common,interconnected propositions in the development of modern literature.The thesis is based on teasing out the original literature materials of newspapers,as well as the modern culture and literature development in Gansu province as the research object in the late Qing dynasty during the Republican period.It explores the diversifications in different periods,different angles and different community of knowledge and carries on the comparative study from the diachronic angle,which extends from the changing time of late Qing dynasty during the Republican period of "May Fourth New Culture Movement",to the period of "Development of the Northwest Wind" in the 30 s,to the period of “Anti-Japanese War” in 40 s and transition stage in the late period.In the transition process from modern literature to contemporary literature,Gansu province literature in the Republican period quietly shifted through the cultural transmission,aggregation of literary community,literary movement,the contend of literature trend of the modern newspapers.The thesis reveals the group people of expats students in Gansu,northwest explorers and wandering and homeless intellectuals who closely linked with the literary development in Gansu province of the Republican period.Through the analysis and interpretation of their literary creation and literary activities,it roughly describe the unique aspect in the process of literary development in Gansu province.In the process of the development and changes of Gansu literature,especially the "wandering and homeless intellectuals community " since the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,has profound influence on the whole Gansu province,northwest and the modern literature pattern.In terms of timeliness effect,the intellectual community itself connects closely with the national art organization,ecdemic cultured man and cultural publication.They spontaneously aggregated into literary community in the north-west,which originally has cultural advantage,will necessarily give strongly impact on native literature of Gansu province on the basis of the traditional culture and the expression of personal feelings.The writer who expats Gansu area has deeply carried onthe topics of "the article to the countryside","popularization of literature and art" and " recite poems on street,poetry movement",and actively promote the development of the literary movement through a variety of ways of the literature creation,the lecture teaching,gathering and association and edit.In the terms of new pattern of literature,there are a few famous writers as the center of the intellectual community attract and aggregate a group of youth literature and art lovers around them,and constitute a very energetic "new generation writers" in 40 s in the northwest.They inherited and created the resources of cultural spirit of previous period or the same time,such as Nv Han,Hu Feng,Ai Qing and the "July" group writers;Tang Qi,Sheng Chenghua,Yang Hui,Chen Jingrong and at the same time of " Northwest Union University--poets group in the northwest ";Or uphold the ego style then change,such as Yu Gengyu's " Poetry ideal" after the "Devil poet " and editing career;Li Bo's literary turn of "realism" after the Baudelaire's aesthetic-decadentism poetics idea;Or by the influence of northwest regional landscape,culture and custom,their life experience and thought impressions are changed,and further integrated the northwest culture elements and initiated northwest new form of modern literature of boundless color and masculinity,such as Feng Zhengan explores the new frontier poems,and Nv Han's "prairie writing" and "western emotion" and so on.From the perspective of culture dissemination of modern intellectual and spiritual evolution,Gansu “intellectual community” in Republican most of whom experienced the fate of calamity and bitterness of our nation in the condition of the country is defeated and the home lost and people in exile.they tend to be more or less to closely relate literary creation and literary activities with the countries fate and people's livelihood sufferings,and undertake the heavy historical mission.They bear the culture reconstruction mission of intellectuals in the desolate,lonely strange land,to discover the toughness of the national spirit in the silent cultivation,at the time of the unspecified time of going home is looking for the native home of the spirit.Certainly,the limitations of Gansu literature is quite obvious during the Republican period.The young writers in " intellectual community in exile " is easily affected by the times atmosphere and national fate,and then use life and literature which as hot as fire,to reshape the individual soul and the national spirit.However,the "battle of the romantic spirit" is potentially dangerous,because the intellectuals get the meaning and value after infusing "individual" into the "whole nation”.It is probably the psychology will be attached to the powerful "national hero" after realizing the weakness and powerlessness of self.It may also choose a safe haven to avoid pain and fear,however,the price of avoiding is the loss of consciousness of spirit and self.In addition,Gansu not only provides a safe living space for " intellectual community in exile" to make them tobe relatively leisurely in the literary creation and other literary activities,while but also leads to some people realize the individual small and weak,and choose to indulge in a life of ease,temporarily self-indulgence and dream life.Then they fall into the ultimate destruction and lost in the search of the road of spirit.The whole thesis is divided into three parts,which is constituted of the introduction,the main body and the conclusion.The introduction is the interpretation of the selected object –Gansu literature in Republican period and “Literati in Exile”."Republic of China" is not only a concept of time,but also associated with the development and change of Gansu literature in this period of time by relying on the "original" historical context of politics,society and life." Literati in Exile " mainly refers to the intellectuals who exerts important influence on Gansu literary in the Republican period.They tramp here in exile because of a variety of reasons,such as the war and work and so on.The literary creation,speech,gathering,contended schools of thought and other literary activities are very active,which form the new pattern of the literary world.In addition,the thesis teases out the research status about this topic is based on the existing research materials in academia.Finally the thesis accounts for the significance,value and logical thought of the selected topic.