A Study Of Formation Of The Theory Of People's Democratic Dictatorship From The Perspective Of Sinicing Marxism In China

Early in the first half of the nineteenth century, the theory of the proletariat dictatorship established by Marx and Engels provided the proletariat in the world with ideological weapon and fighting theory for their revolutionary struggles. But it failed in putting forward the specific methods or approaches for the proletariat in the colonial and semi-colonial society to seize the power. The people's democratic dictatorship in China, in essence, is Marxist proletariat dictatorship. It is neither the simply transplanted Marxist proletariat dictatorship, nor the direct copy of the former Soviet Union's proletariat dictatorship, but a combination of revolutionary practice and construction practice by Chinese Communists and Marxist proletariat dictatorship, and the one which is more advanced both in theory and in creativity. The people's democratic dictatorship is not only the most complete and accurate representation of the political system in China in its primary stage of socialism, but also the most suitable political system for China according to its national conditions.Sinicizing Marxism-Leninism in China begins with sinicizing the theory of proletarian dictatorship in China. As early as the New Culture Movement, the theory of Marxist proletarian dictatorship began to spread in China. At that time, the intellectuals with preliminary communist ideas have accepted the ideology of the proletariat dictatorship and began to sinicize it in the process of spreading the ideology in China. In the second national congress of the communist party of China,"the dictatorship of labor and peasant" was put forward, which marked the prelude to the sinicization of Marxist proletariat dictatorship in China. During the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party and the period of the National Revolution, Marxist intellectuals began their preliminary exploration of the basic laws of China's revolution, which demonstrates the early surging of the sinicizing proletarian dictatorship in China and the sprout of the theory of the people's democratic dictatorship.After the failure of the National Revolution, and the Kuomintang rightists betrayed the revolution, the leftist emotions appeared among the leaders in Chinese Communist Party. The three successive "Left" mistakes did serious harm to the Chinese revolution. Therefore, the sinicizing proletariat dictatorship in China experienced ups and downs. But in the later stage of the Agrarian Revolutionary War, the Chinese Communists began to explore the issues of country's power. They combined Marxist-Leninist theory of proletarian dictatorship with Chinese realities and put forward the idea of the people's democratic dictatorship with Chinese characteristics, which marks the beginning of sinicizing proletariat dictatorship in China. During anti-Japanese war, Marxist-Leninist theory of proletarian dictatorship is further developing in China, the people's democratic dictatorship gradually matured in China too. Comrade Mao Zedong published a series of books. Especially in the book entitled New Democracy, he elaborated the basic theory of the people's democratic dictatorship including the future national forms, political power structures, which laid the theoretical foundation for the eventual formation of the people's proletariat dictatorship.In the liberation war, the Chinese Communist Party not only clearly stated the political proposition of "the people's democratic dictatorship", but also made a systematic elaboration on the theory of "the people's democratic dictatorship". Especially the publish of Mao Zedong's On the people's democratic dictatorship symbolized the ultimate establishment of the people's democratic dictatorship and the completion of sinicization of the proletariat dictatorship, which is the theory of national power structure with Chinese characteristics. In practice, all levels of local people's democratic regime had been initially established in the North, Northeast and other liberated areas, which provided a model for the nationwide people's democratic dictatorship regime based on a unified leadership of the working class together with the alliance of workers and peasants. With the opening of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and the announcement of the Chinese people's political consultative conference common program, the people's democratic dictatorship was established as China's fundamental national system.On October1,1949, The People's Republic of China was founded. The people's democratic dictatorship in the revolutionary bases became a national people's democratic dictatorship. In1954, the first session of the General Assembly of the National People's Congress was convened, the Constitution of the People's Republic of China was promulgated, and the people's democratic dictatorship became China's fundamental political system in the form of the fundamental law. Therefore, the state power system with Chinese characteristics was finally established. The people's democratic dictatorship is specific case of sinicizing proletariat dictatorship in China and the people's democratic dictatorship is the basic principle that we must uphold for a long run.