Deng Zhongxia And The Popularization Of Maxism (1917-1933)

As an important theoretical issue and a complicated issue of reality and practice, the popularization of Marxism has long been an issue as early as in the initial stage of Communist Party of China (CPC) and will remain an eternal topic for the Chinese Communists.Deng Zhongxia, one of the outstanding Chinese Communists in early stage, underwent four mental transition phases to become a Communist:enlightenment phase, upheaval phase, leapfrogging phase and maturing phase. His transition is typical among his pioneering contemporary fellows. After converting to a staunch Marxist, he, via launching various forms of Marxism education campaigns, became a guider. He studied and spread Marxism, educated the public, enriched the context, broadened the horizon of Marxism; in order to popularize Marxism, he guided the way mentally and established associations. He laid organizing foundation for the popularization of Marxism. He also made great contribution in the education and spread of Marxism, in promoting the ways and channels of popularizing Marxism. His efforts demonstrate a unique way of making Marxism universal. During the concrete process of popularizing Marxism, through innovating forms and enriching medium, he also coordinately adhered to the principle of seeking truth from the fact, adopted correct revolutionary strategy flexibly, committed to making his work more targeted, innovative, effective and institutional as well as brought the explicit education and the implicit education together. Eventually, he made the popularization of Marxism feature obvious practice, enhanced development and profound reality.The theory and practice of pioneers' popularization of Marxism are products against certain times backdrop and under particular historical condition. Besides, for the advanced and superior aptitude of pioneering Marxists, their idea would also advance and guide the development of the world. While boosting the popularization of Marxism in the New Democratic Revolution(1919-1949), he made a series of attempts in the practice and theory and his attempts are valued as follows:firstly spreading Marxism in many ways to promote the new development of Marxism, exploring the methodology on the basis of Marxism in the New Democratic Revolution;secondly firmly establishing the consciousness of the masses. persisting in the mass line and breeding the initial inception of the basic principles of Marxism; thirdly determinedly pursuing of value in Marxism and honing the livelihood of character of Marxism; fourthly actively exploring the popularity of Marxism in China and the coordination of development of the times to boost the development of Marxism New Democratic Revolution period; fifthly revolting dogmatism, adhering to the pragmatic approach towards Marxism and establishing the foundation of Marxism. But at the same time, due to the personal aptitude, state of mind, the conditions of the times and social factors such as environmental constraints, Deng's popularization of Marxism had some disadvantages. For example in the process of popularization, he put more weight on the practice than that on the theory and cohesion of the theory and practice was inadequate; he lacked the in-depth study of Marxism; the issue of popularization of Marxism didn't fit the traditional culture.Deng Zhongxia's efforts to popularize Marxism in the New Democratic Revolution period offer essential enlightenment to the current and future popularization of Marxism: Understanding the relationship between localization of Marxism and popularization of Marxism in China is the primary premise of Marxism; paying attention to the people's livelihood and safeguarding public interests are the source of life of Marxism; integration of knowledge and practice and combining theory with practice are the proper meaning of Marxism; reform means which is common, concrete and enriched is mportant method to popularize Marxism; adhering to and strengthening the party's leadership and giving full play to the party's central role are an important guarantee of Marxism; strengthening identity and demanding for construction of exchange platform are the connotation of Marxism; differentiated publicity is inevitable for the popularization of Marxism; innovation and development,advancing with the times are the basic laws of Marxism.