On Generalized Power Morality

Power is not a purely political tool,and it has a certain moral character that it points to the happiness and development of human,Since the class society,because of the separation of state and civil society,power had gradually alienated and deviated from its moral attributes.Facing the serious consequences of power alienation,people have been making a detailed inquiry which kind of power is good and civilized and what is the moral mission of power.They have been also asking how can make power along the moral track,which can help to build a good political life.In fact,this is the subject of generalized power morality.Generalized power morality(The following is referred to as 'power morality')characterizes the moral presupposition of the political subject represented by the public,which aims to clear the moral form of power and the value orientation through the evaluation of the moral rationality of power.And it can regulate the allocation and operation of power and realize the goodness and civilization of power and construct an excellernt political life.In essence,it belongs to the category of political value.it is the detailed inquiry of justice and judgment on power legitimacy that belongs to the political subject represented by the public.The advancing of power and moral is intended to explore and highlight the moral attributes of power,but not to advocate the moralization of power,whose purpose is to guide the power towards the good direction.Power morality is the moral appeal for the alienation of power,which reflects the public's moral rationality evaluation of power.It bears the weight of a better political life of the idea of people and is the guiding force of political practice.We examine the various elements of power morality and clanify its theoretical connotation on the basis of historncal materialism,which can enrich the political ethics and political philosophy of Marxism and the construction of socialist political civilization.History is the generating field of logic.The ideological resources of power morality have been constituted by Chinese traditional culture such as the people-oriented,benevolent govemment,sageliness within and kingliness without and Datong society.They are also composed of the western thoughts such as the sage power morality,God's power morality,contract power morality and life power morality.And the integrity politics,collectivism orientation,human emancipation and the communist society of Marxism has constituted the ideological resources of power morality.The thought of power morality develops along with the political practice,which has experienced the process from the sage power morality to God's power morality,contract power morality and then to life power morality in general.Its essence is the dynamic relationship between power and people.History and logic reveal that the axiom logic of power morality is the moral rationality evaluation of power together,which seeks to determine whether power follows the concepts of good and justice and whether the public has a positive efFect.It is the pivot of logic of power morality,which can help the community clarify the moral state of power.It mainly corrects the moral rationality evaluation of power from the dimension of state domination,social life and historical development,which has made the evaluation based on moral and history and materialism united.The dimension of state domination reviews from the extensibility of power and the operation pattern of power,including the operation purpose of power.The dimension of social life judges from the public interest,social development and social vitality.The dimension of historical development inspects from the ownership of the means of production and the existence rationality of the political of power.The moral rationality evaluation of power has social historicity and relativity,it needs to reflect from the philosophy of value and integrate its basic judgments.This is the value concept of power morality,which mainly includes value principle,value target and value dimension,The value principle of power morality is the unity of practice and dialectic,truth and value as well as politics and public.The primary target of power morality is to achieve good governance and civilized governance and to build a good political life is its key value target.Yet the realization of the free and all-round development of human beings is its ultimate value target.People-oriented is its core value dimension,justice is the primary value dimension,order and equality is its important value dimension.To change the world is the purpose of theory.The power morality aims at increasing the affirmative utility of power to the public,highlighting the inherent moral attributes of power and making power be operated along the track of goodness and civilization.In order to realize the political value such as power morality,it should convert the power of understanding schema and change the concept of the power of the users firstly.It should return from the benefit standard to the moral standard,from the "political world" to.the life world and return to rational value from instrumental rationality.The second is to achieve the moral regulation of power operation,which should clear the moral limit of the power,strengthen the moral quality of users,and focus the operation of power based on the moral psychology.The third is to construct the system ethics of power in order to provide protection for the realization of power morality from the rigid system level.We must lead the design of power system based on the morality,establish and improve the power list system and perfect the realization mechanism of moral responsibility of power and monitoring mechanism and so on.In essence,only after the unification of state and civil society can the power alienation be overcome,then it will realize the goodness and civilization of power.As for the contemporary political practice,that is to constantly adjust the relationship between the state and civil society for promoting the good governance of power.