The Political Modernization Significance Of Land Reform

Land reform during the new democratic revolution means transferring the land from the feudal exploiters to the peasants,turning the private property of the feudal landlords into the private property of the peasants and emancipating them from feudal agrarian relations,thereby making possible the transformation of an agricultural country into an industrial country.“With the change of the economic foundation,all of the huge superstructure or slow or fast change”.Land reform is not means just an economic reform,it involves also a fundamental redistribution of power and status,a reordering of the basic social relationships which had previously existed between landlord and peasant.But its main achievement is political,In a word,land reform promotes China's political modernization.Ji-Lu-Yu Border area is one of the first to carry out land reform during the war of Liberation,its Land reform has been basically completed before the promulgation of the China land law outline,and provided reference for the new land reform after the founding.The land reform has obviously shown the significance of political modernization,which is mainly reflected in the following aspects.First,from the "Elite" to "Mass" : the land reform,expanded political participation.In traditional political system,political participation in rural areas is occupied by land elite.Fear of the risk of participate in political changes,peasants are passive and indifferent to participate in politics.In the process of land reform,the CPC adopts complaining and class division such two political mobilization ways to open situation,mobilized and organized peasants to participate in land reform,through political election,democratic supervision,various forms of political organization.take the peasants which alienated from politics into the political participation.Change the subject of political participation from elite to mass.The expansion of political participation caused by land reform,inspired peasants' political consciousness,and strengthen their political identity for the new regime.Peasants' political support and participation,provided basic power for the new political system,maintain the normal operation and healthy development of the revolutionary political system.Secondly,from "Destiny" to "Revolution" : land reform makes political culture secularization.The dominant idea is only the dominant material relationship in the concept,but is thought to form the dominant material relationship.“The divine right of Kings”,“Life and death from life evolution” as the main features of Fate thought is ideological shackles for peasants in traditional political culture.In the "destiny",farmers believe that the root of all their suffering is "unlucky",instead of the old system.Political culture as a part of the superstructure,served for the dominant class.the CPC through built a "cultural army",using various media,strengthen the cultural education and political education of peasants,the effective socialization of Chinese Communist ideology.To promote the transformation of the consciousness of peasants from "destiny" to "revolution".Transformation of traditional political culture in the process of land reform,not only reshaped the daily life of rural areas,changed the logic of behavior in the countryside,it also enabled the CPC to gain strong,lasting and stable loyalty in the countryside,creating conditions for the Communist Party to win the war and to lead the modernization.Third,from "Tradition" to "Modern" : the land reform makes the political authority rationalized.The rationalization of the political authority requires a sing,lecentralized,with modern political party as the main body of the political authority to replace the scattered,local,religious political authority.The clan and religious authority is the main form of traditional authority Chinese in rural areas.Land reform confiscated and distributed landlords,temples,ancestral halls' land,banned secret societies destroy religious power center in the rural areas,built a community with a class instead of blood.Land reform eliminated the wealth authority,clan authority and theological authority in the countryside.the CPC through propagate and establish the organization,open party branch,established unified leadership in rural.Established single,centralized political authority for lead modernization.Fourth,from "Nothing" to "Yes" : the land reform made the grass-roots political power stratified.Grassroots political power is the cornerstone of state power,"Imperial no county" is the main characteristic of the grass-roots governance under the traditional political system of China.Rural power sinking is a key step in the process of Chinese modernization.but under the traditional political system of China,there is only Baojia autonomous organizations without grassroots political power,By abolishing the Baojia system and reforming the old Baojia,transformed the old village politics and established grassroots political power of the people,realized the right to vote the most basic political right,established the People's Congress System and more perfect judicial work,changed the operation of grassroots political power from gentrification to bureaucracy.It marks the formal political state power sinking to the rural,the rural truly become a source of power of Chiese modernization.Fifth,from "Oppression" to "Liberate" : land reform caused the most basic conditions for modernization of people.Human modernization is the essential factors of the modernization of the country,it is a prerequisite for the modernization of the system and the economy's long-term growth and success.In the traditional political system and emphasize on the level of differential,the peasants are not independent citizens,but oppresed by the old system and old ideas.The feudal land system of land reform and the abolition of exploitation of man,freed peasants from the old system of oppression;peasants will be rescued from the shackles of human free development of the old feudal morality and old ideas;peasants will be free from the traditional division of labor in society,especially the women out of the house,to participate in the production,to participate in the revolution,to achieve the change from "oppression" to "liberate".The modernization of people endow modern system to the modern psychological foundation of vitality,make the farmers become the power groups in the process of modernization.The completion of land reform,marking the end of Chinese nearly a century of exploration of modernization road,formally embarked on a stable,continuous,strong leadership core of the modernization of the road,also opened a China characteristics of political modernization.