The Historical Development Of Marxist Values Discourse And The Contemporary Construction Of Its System

Understanding the world and transforming the world is the eternal theme of mankind.Marxism not only provides a scientific world view and methodology guidance for understanding the world and transforming the world,but also provides scientific values guidance.Marxist theory runs through a clear value position,value orientation and value pursuit from beginning to end.The Marxist values are the common foundation laid by Marx and Engels,through the enrichment and development of successors of Marxism,the Marxist values are by far the most scientific values.The establishment of Marxist Materialist Dialectics and Historical Materialism laid a scientific foundation for the world outlook and methodology for the birth of Marxist values.Marxist values solved the problem of the unity of truth and value,answered the relationship between personal value and social value,answered the objectivity and subjectivity of value,and realized the fundamental change of human values.Marxist values as a scientific theory of thought system and knowledge system,through a specific discourse system to construct and express.The study of the discourse system of Marxist values first begins with the most basic concepts and theories.Values are the fundamental views and basic views of people on the issue of value,and the expression of specific values will relate to what people(value subjects),what attitude(value orientation),what path(value practice),to achieve what the goal(value of the target),so the value of the main discourse,the value of orientation discourse,the value of practical discourse,the value of target discourse of constitutes the main content of values discourse system.Marxist values of the discourse system is the Marxist system of ideology and ideological system and the expression of the form of knowledge,from its content,it is mainly composed of Marxist value target discourse,value orientation discourse,value subject discourse and value practice discourse;from the perspective of historical development,the discourse system of Marxist values has formed the four major discourse systems in the course of its historical development,namely,Marx and Engels' communist values discourse,Lenin Stalin's socialist values discourse,Mao Zedong's For the people to serve the values of discourse and contemporary China's mainstream values discourse.Marxist values discourse system not only has the characteristics of general discourse system,but also has its own unique quality;scientific,systematic,open,and development is the prominent feature of Marxist values discourse system.Marx and Engels,as the founders of Marxist values and the founders of the communist values discourse,both experienced a transition from a humanistic tendency to a scientific communist values.The study of its transformation process mainly through the main text and the main activities to carry out,Marx's humanistic tendency values are mainly reflected in the "young people in the choice of occupation considerations","1844 economic philosophy manuscript" and "Rheinische" period,"German and French Yearbook" period of the texts,Engels in the "Wu Pei Valley letter","National Economics Criticism" expressed his own humanistic values.Marx and Engels together to complete the "German ideology",the communist tendency values of the scientific theoretical proof,to achieve the two from the humanistic values to the scientific values of communism;"Communist Manifesto" on the value of communist practice Carried out a systematic argument,is the two scientific symbols of communist values finally established.Marx and Engels in the long-term theoretical research and revolutionary practice,the creation of the communist values discourse.The free development of the people,the proletariat,the vast majority of the interests,the elimination of private ownership and the development of productive forces constitute the main content of the communist values discourse,the lofty target of value,the scientific value orientation has inspired the enthusiasm of people's values Passion,the broadness of the value of the subject,the rationality of the value of practice for people to achieve the scientific value of the ideal pointed out the direction.The discourse of communist values as the core of the Marxist values of the discourse for the value of human society,practical activities to provide a scientific and effective guidance.Lenin and Stalin to Communist values as a guide,in the practice of socialist value in different periods of the Soviet Union,the formation of both connections and differences between the socialist values of discourse,namely Lenin's socialist values and values of Stalin's socialist discourse discourse.In the process of revolution,war,construction and reform of the Soviet Union,Lenin gradually formed a pragmatic discourse of socialist values.This discourse experienced a long-term brewing stage.During the transition from wartime communism to new economic policy and the formation of Lenin in his later years,let the people live a "good day",all the people,adhere to the interests of the people first,utilize new economic policies to promote social change and productivity development,respectively,constitute the Lenin socialist's value target discourse,the value of the main discourse,value orientation discourse,value practice path discourse.In the process of socialist construction and reform leading the Soviet Union,Stalin formed the discourse of socialist values with the characteristics of the times.This discourse was accompanied by the formation of the Stalin model.So that the members of society to live a rich and civilized life,the working class and the peasant class,adhere to the national interests first,the use of"three"(high-speed industrialization,agricultural collectivization,economic planning)to promote social change and productivity development constitute the Stalin society doctrine of the main content of the discourse,the biggest drawback is that from the social reality,ignoring the individual value and the logic between the discourse is not strong.In general,the socialist system of values of Lenin and Stalin reflects the different understanding of the socialist values,and the two discourse have both commonalities and differences.Mao Zedong in the process of leading China's revolution and construction,always adhere to the guidance of Marxist values,in the use of Lenin Stalin's socialist values on the basis of the discourse,to further deepen the understanding of socialist values,the creation and formation of values for the people Discourse.Serving the people is the concentrated view of Mao Zedong's socialist values.It is not only the fundamental values of the Chinese Communists,but also the fundamental content of the socialist values.There is no substantive difference between the two.The The value of serving the people is not the product of Mao Zedong's mind,and its formation has its deep ideological background and background.Mao Zedong for the people to serve the values after brewing,formation,improve the three stages,for the value of the people to seek the country rich and the people rich as the value target of the discourse,the people as the value subject of the discourse,the "unselfish special people" as the value of discourse,using the mass movement to promote social change and economic development as the value of practical discourse.Mao Zedong applied the values of the people to the socialist construction practice,formed a more concrete for the people to serve the values of discourse,that is,the people dominate the political discourse,the interests of the people oriented the economic discourse,and serve the people's cultural discourse and so on.In the reform and opening up and modernization practice in the field of contemporary Chinese mainstream values,including the ultimate value of the target,the core values,the basic values of three levels.Contemporary Chinese mainstream values Discourse is the discourse of communist values,Lenin Stalin's socialist values discourse,and the enrichment and development of the values of the people's service values,and its formation has gone through three stages:foundation,formation and development.The recovery of ideological line of seeking truth from facts and reestablished,the establishment and implementation of the major historic decisions in reform and opening up,have laid the ideological and theoretical conditions and social and historical conditions for its production;The common wealth of the target discourse and the "three is conducive to" the standard of the discourse of the proposed,is the formation of an important symbol;Dxiao Ping,Jiang Zemin,Hu Jintao,Xi Jinping as the representative of the Chinese Communists were enriched and developed.The main content of the discourse system of contemporary Chinese mainstream values is based on the "Chinese dream" as the value target discourse,the whole Chinese people as the value of the main discourse,"people-oriented" and "three advocacy" for the value of discourse,"four comprehensive" Strategic layout and "five development ideas" for the value of practical discourse.The process of combing the historical development of the discourse of Marxist values can be found from:adhering to the guidance of Marxist values,adhering to the objective reality of discourse content,adhering to the "adaptative language of innovation" and the "old meaning of new meaning" is the historical development of Marxist values discourse of main experience.Adhere to the guidance of Marxist values is to uphold the Marxist value ideals,value principles,value orientation and to fight with various non-Marxist values.Adhere to the objective reality of discourse,specifically embodied in the interpretation of the road to social development,response to social development issues,and people's attention to real life.The construction of the discourse system of socialism with Chinese characteristics should take the history as a mirror.It is necessary to adhere to the principle of reunification of authority and civilians,academic and mass unity,Scientific and ideological unity,systematic and open reunification,Nationality and international relations,The cultivation of theoretical self-confidence,the improvement of discourse subject ability,the innovation of discourse system content and the method of discourse formation,and the correct treatment of the three values of Chinese,western and horse.