Research On Engels Promoting The Popularization Of Marxism In His Later Years

Although Marx and Engels do not explicitly put forward the proposition of“Popularization of Marxism”,their exploration of theory and practice contains a wealth of Theoretical approaches and practical experiences of the popularization of Marxism.In particular,Engels,as Marx's closest comrade,devotes his entire life to the study and publicity of scientific theory which provides theoretical guidance and action guidelines for the proletarian revolutionary practice.Especially after the death of Marx in 1883,Engels alone takes on the responsibility of the instructor of international proletarian movement.On the one hand,he constantly improves,enriches and develops the content of Marxist philosophy,political economy and scientific socialism in accordance with changes in objective needs;on the other hand,he actively guides the development of the proletarian movement in Europe and the United States.He carefully cultivates socialist activists in various countries,continuously promotes the establishment of proletarian parties and political party alliances and spends everything he can to promote the publicity and popularization of Marxism in the proletariat and political parties.The significance of the study of the related content of Engels in his later years to promote the popularization of …Marxism lies in the following three aspects:First,the time period involved in this paper ranges from the death of Marx in 1883 to 1895,the year when Engels died.Focusing on the 12 years long theoretical activities of Engels in his later years,the thesis systematically collects,analyzes and investigates the important thought and viewpoints of Engels in his later years.Through a combination of macroscopic research and microscopic analysis,the thesis aims to find the development context and logical relation of the thoughts of Engels in his later years,and thus further deepens the study of the thoughts of Engels in his later years.Second,the historical image of Engels as a revolutionist and thinker is completely and vividly portrayed in a way that combines the “Dynamic History study” and the“Thematic Study”.This is a panoramic view of the historical process of Engels' s promotion of the popularization of Marxism in his later years.This thesis systematically studies Engels' s specific strategies in the process of the innovation,dissemination and practice of philosophy,political economics and scientific socialist theory,further broadening the current research horizon of the popularization of Marxism anddeepening the research level of Marxism popularization.Third,in-depth exploration of Engels' s basic positions,viewpoints,and methods of treating scientific socialism,the proletariat,and their political parties in the later years,scientifically analyzing the ideological relationship between Marx and Engels,and accurately assessing the objective status of Engels' s ideas in his later years in the Marxist theoretical system.Summarize Engels' s historical contribution to the popularization of Marxism in the later years for the international communist movement.This study objectively illustrates domestic and foreign scholars' analysis and judgment of Engels' s ideas in his later years without superstitiously believing in authority or resting on his laurels.It follows the logical clues of “what”,“why” and“how” and fully presents the historical process of the popularization of Marxism.Taking literature materials and historical facts as the criterion,it elaborates Engels' s ways and means,important contributions and basic experience to advance the popularization of Marxism in his later years from three dimensions of theoretical innovation,theoretical dissemination,and theoretical practice,scientifically revealing the internal operating mechanism of Engels' s promotion of the popularization of Marxism in his later years.According to this idea,the questions discussed in this study mainly include the following aspects:First,the thesis mainly states the basic theory of the research on Engels' s promotion of the popularization of Marxism in his later years,scientifically defines the connotation of “Engels' s later years”,seriously differentiates and analyzes the scientific connotation of the popularization of Marxism,rationally considers the basic perspective of the research on the popularization of Marxism,and systematically generalizes the main content and basic logic in the research on the popularization of Marxism,all providing prerequisite argument and theoretical groundwork for subsequent researches.Second,the research is carried out on the scientific basis(including theoretical basis and practical basis)of the historical process of Engels' s promotion of the popularization of Marxism in his later years.By closely combining with the revolutionary situation at that time,it explains the inevitability and possibility of Engels' s advancement of the popularization of Marxism in his later years.From the perspective of “Theoretic Works”,it systematically reviews Engels' s theoretical activities of promoting the popularization of Marxism in his later years.The structure of this research is based on the combination of time and works.It elaborates the internallogical among the important works of Engels in his later years as well as its important role in the process of the popularization of Marxism,and scientifically summarizes the theoretical attitude of Engels in promoting the popularization of Marxism in his later years.Third,the thesis thoroughly studies Engels' s concept of political communication,rationally analyzes the effective realization mechanism for the universalization and popularization of Marxism by Engels in his later years.It utilizes news,books and other media as the basis to create communication channels for political theory.It takes the corresponding letters with people from all walks of life as a foothold to create a sound platform for political interaction.It treats literary criticism and art appreciation as the starting point to extend the utility space of political propaganda.It considers the courage to confront all kinds of wrong ideas as the focal point to innovate the shaping strategy of political belief.It regards plain and easy-to-understand language as the supporting point to improve the identification path of the political ideals.Fourth,this thesis scientifically assesses the historical status of Engels' s promotion of the popularization of Marxism in his later years in the whole history of international communist movement.It objectively analyzes Engels' s theoretical contributions in:definition and explanation,i.e.,to theoretically define Marxism and explain its principle;systematic improvement,i.e.,to tidy and edit Volumn ? and ? of Das Kapital;enrichment and deepening,a new contribution to historical materialism;and innovation and development,a redefinition and rethinking of capitalism and socialism.It rationally analyzes Engels' s practical contributions in: strategic adjustment,i.e.,to enrich and develop the revolutionary strategy of the proletarian party;talent cultivation,i.e.,to show solicitude for and cultivate a young generation of revolutionist;political party construction,i.e.,to help and guide socialist parties in different countries to carry out revolutionary work;and international cooperation,i.e.,to actively facilitate the establishment of the Second International.Fifth,this thesis scientifically summarizes the basic experience of Engels' s advancement of the popularization of Marxism: exerting the leading role of the proletarian party is an important guarantee for promoting the popularization of Marxism;insisting on theoretical criticism and self-criticism is a necessary prerequisite for promoting the popularization of Marxism;constructing a dissemination mode of “three methods running in parallel” is the fundamental way for promoting the popularizationof Marxism;and taking care of the “multi-level” needs of the people is the basic position for promoting the popularization of Marxism.Sixth,this thesis systematically states the realistic enlightenment of Engels' s advancement of the popularization of Marxism: a diversified development of the subject can ensure the popularization of Marxism in China in the new era;an innovation of the content will facilitate the popularization of Marxism in China in the new era;flexible and diverse forms can promote the popularization of Marxism in China in the new era;an accurate dissemination to target audience will deepen the popularization of Marxism in China in the new era;and plain and easy-to-understand language can accelerate the popularization of Marxism in China in the new era.It is hoped to take the research results of this study as an opportunity to further promote the theoretical development and practical operation of the popularization of Marxism in contemporary China.