Research On The Ultimate Concern Of Ideological And Political Education From The Perspective Of "Free Individuality"

In this paper,the author tries to find out the highest value and ultimate concern of ideological and political education with the question of where the ideological and political education should go.The author tries to find the answer to " free individuality " from Marx’s theoretical system and elaborate on the "ultimate concern of ideological and political education”,namely " free individuality",from four aspects– possibility in theory,oughtness of history,requirements of realities and contemporary path – based on the explanation of the connotation of " free individuality ".The first chapter is the interpretation of Marx’s “free individuality ".The author makes a thorough analysis of " free individuality " following the logic from the historical accumulation,the thought brewing to the normative definition.From the old materialism and idealism understanding of freedom and individuality,the author analyzes the Marx’s sublation of old materialism and idealism and combs through Marx’s idea of " free individuality " from budding,change of views,establishment of position to further development on the basis of highlighting that Marxism has surpassed all old philosophies.In the end,the author confronts Marx’s five direct statements on “ free individuality " in the "critical manuscript of the political economy of 1857-1858" and "das kapital" and clearly defines the concept of "free individuality".The second chapter demonstrates the possibility that ideological and political education takes "free individuality" as the ultimate concern.This chapter firstly clarifies the prerequisite question "what is the ultimate concern of ideological and political education”,and analyzes why ideological and political education and "free individuality" are "close to each other " from their interaction,and then further argues that the ultimate concern of ideological and political education is " free individuality "from the consistency of ideological and political education and “free individuality”in starting point and destination.In this chapter,ideological and political education and“free individuality” are abstracted from the concrete education activities and the development of individuals.The author focuses on ideological and political education and " free individuality " in themselves,and makes essential analysis on the intrinsic relations of ideological and political education and " free individuality" from the idea that ideological and political education is a form of "human" education and "freeindividuality" is the ideal development status of people in order to find out why they are closely related.In the third chapter,the author analyzes that "free individuality" should be the ultimate concern of ideological and political education from the historical perspective.This chapter firstly demonstrates that need,relations and ability ought to be the three targets of personality development,and then analyzes how to cultivate people’s need,relations and ability in different stages based on the historical vertical dimension of“reliance on people”,“reliance on things” and " free individuality" to show that ideological and political education accompanies personality development by promoting the historical evolution of people ’ s need,relations and ability and eventually tends to "free individuality".The fourth chapter demonstrates the necessity of "free individuality" as the ultimate concern from the perspective of realities.In this chapter,the author firstly combs through the practical efforts made by ideological and political education on the development of human personality,so as to affirm the fact that it will always be on the road of "free individuality".At the same time,the author realizes that current ideological and political education is still at a “transition stage” from “reliance on things” to “free individuality” and encounters “triple” maladjustment in terms of the development of “free individuality” and thus “free individuality” as the ultimate concern is temporarily forgotten.Therefore,the author reaches conclusion that it is the responsibility and practical needs of our times to rebuild the authority of“free individuality” in guiding ideological and political education to deal with the maladjustment.The fifth chapter demonstrates the feasibility of taking “free individuality” as the ultimate concern of ideological and political education from contemporary perspective.The chapter focuses on exploring the contemporary path of ideological and political education in promoting “ free individuality ”.Before exploring the feasible path,the author first illustrates on the role and status of ideological and political education in the formation of people’s “free individuality” and denies the idea that ideological and political education is decisive and omnipotent.The author tries to find out how to optimize the utilization and maximize the effectiveness of ideological and political education in developing the personalities of people based on clarifying the limit of the role of ideological and political education.Following the evolution logic of "free individuality",the author finds out the features of ultimate concern in the “transition stage”,which is the “current concern” of promoting themulti-dimensional development of people.Then the author further puts forward that to construct "China cognition" under the guidance of "current concern" is the contemporary path of ideological and political education in promoting the development of "free personality".