South Korean Agricultural Support Policy Research In The Opening Period

Food is the paramount necessity of the people.Agriculture is the source of people`s food,clothing and survival.Agriculture plays an irreplaceable basic rolefor human existence and development compared with other sectors of the economy and it is also a prerequisite of industrialization.This feature is not only weakened but strengthened by industrialization.This is because as people`s living standard rises,inevitably it puts forward higher requirements for quality and quantity of food.Agriculture,on the other hand,in such aspects as production,circulation,and labor prices show the fragility,it needs through taxes,public finance expenditure and transfer expenditure to support agriculture,farmers and rural development,more to answer how to support and what extent into the theoretical issues is to be reasonable.Open as well as globalization is another big topic for the agriculture.At thebeginning of WTO,agriculture faces a big transition.Open markets for agricultural products are the trend of the time and agriculture has been into the infinite competition in the market.Both China and South Korea are countries with high population density.For a long time,both from the "food self-sufficiency" attaches great importance to agriculture.But along with the advancement of economic development,industrialization and urbanizationalso face the industry status of agriculture atrophy,accordingly agricultural scale bits and pieces,therefore the production efficiency is low,the widening gap between urban and rural areas and a series of serious realistic problem come out.South Korea with land reformation establish a system of subsistence farmersto the development of agriculture on this basis.But some changes have taken place in the process of economic development,especially from the view of farmer’s economic independence or improve the economic efficiency by the flow of the cultivated land to promote the scale of agriculture.In order to protect arable land,especially good farmland,South Korean government has adopted a series of powerful agricultural support measures.China is an agricultural country.Since China’s participation to the WTO,the use of Chinese labor,price advantages,such as rapid development of foreign trade,agricultural products export scale has been expanded.But China has been founded in 2004 by a net exporter into a net importer of agricultural products,agricultural products trade deficit,the size of the deficit is widening.The biggest characteristic of China’s agricultural trade is some factors such as rice,corn,sorghum,barley grain imports increased significantly.The proportion of imports of agricultural products in China’s total imports increased from 5.0% in 2000 to 6.3% in 2014.China as a developing agricultural country,its development of agriculture,rural areas are relatively backward so continuing to strengthen agricultural support is one of Chinese real needs.Agricultural characteristics by the major of fragmentary family-run decided to raise the limitations of Chinese agricultural product international competitiveness and the market opening of agricultural imports increased bring great challenge to China’s agriculture.In order to solve these problems,our country is promoting the orderly circulation of farmland,agriculture specialization and scale,etc.In addition,it also needs to strengthen the government support to agriculture and enlarge the scope of support and formulate relevant strategy.But as a WTO member,China must design the agricultural support policy of China according to WTO rules.The WTO for countries to agricultural support policy constraints,limitations,and reduce trade distorting agricultural policy.Selecting a country which China has similar conditions of agriculture as the foundation with such as Korea,analyzing for its agricultural support policy system and implementation effect,building and improving our country’s agricultural support policy to provide experience and lessons,are helpful to improve the efficiency of China agricultural domestic support policies,and provide direction for the adjustment of the agricultural support policies in China with significance.