Public Finance Supporting Scientific And Technological Innovation

With the advancement of economic globalization,competition between countries is increasingly fierce.Technological innovation is increasingly becoming the key to improve international competitiveness-Construction of an innovative country is the important development strategy in China,it needs scientific,systematic and reasonable systems and mechanisms to guarantee.There is great risk in science and technology innovation activity and market failure phenomenon is more obvious.It is difficult to achieve the desired effect if it relies on the spontaneous adjust of market financial support,therefore,the government can make up for the lack support of the domestic resources and domestic capital for public economy.It constantly makes reasonable financial policy and develops reasonable financial instruments or tools to influence public economy.The concept of public finance arises at the historic moment.Its supporting role of science and technology innovation is important and practical significant.In recent years,China has launched the related public financial policy to support scientific and technological innovation.It constantly improves the technology innovation level,but subjects of scientific and technological innovation still face the financing difficult problem.Based on the definition of public finance and science and technology innovation connotation,it analyzes mechanism and mode of the public financial support of science and technology innovation.It elucidates the mechanism and its influencing factors of public financial support for scientific and technological innovation.It analyzes the present situation of public financial support of science and technology innovation in China and the international successful experience.It builds effect evaluation and testing model of public financial support of the scientific and technological innovation.It empirically evaluates and tests the effect of the public financial support of scientific and technological innovation.It puts forward the corresponding countermeasures of public financial support of science and technology innovation.Specific content is as follows:(1)This paper analyzes the necessity of public financial support of scientific and technological innovation and its mechanism.It mainly introduces the concept and function of public finance and analyzes the necessity of the public finance from the aspects of market failure and national strategy.Then it studies the mechanism of public financial support of science and technology innovation,including the capital formation mechanism,risk management mechanism,information revealing mechanism and project management mechanism.(2)This paper analyses the mechanism of public financial support of science and technology innovation.The government mechanism of public financial support of science and technology innovation includes incentive mechanism,service and protection mechanism,supervision mechanism;The market mechanism of public financial support of scientific and technological innovation,includes the price,supply and demand,competition and risk mechanism;Coordination mechanism of public financial support ofr scientific and technological innovation;Social mechanism of public financial support of scientific and technological innovation includes network mechanism,communication mechanism,credit mechanism.(3)It analyzes the development of public financial support of science and technology innovation in China and compares the foreign relevant experience.The development of public financial support of science and technology innovation can be divided into three stages since the founding.From 1949 to 1949,from 1979 to 1993 and from 1994 to present.Through analyzing experience in public financial support of science and technology innovation of United States,Germany,Israel,Japan,South Korea and other developed countries.It draws enlightenment of public financial support of science and technology innovation of China.(4)It builds effect evaluation model and testing model of public financial support for scientific and technological innovation and analyzes empirically.It establishes public financial support system for science and technology innovation and selects public financial support effect evaluation index for science and technology innovation,then comparises different evaluation methods,establishes public financial support effect evaluation model for scientific and technological innovation.lt takes east,middle and western area as the object of evaluation and empirically evaluates.According to the characteristics of the sample data,It builds public financial support effect test model for scientific and technological innovation empirically analyzes impact on scientific and technological innovation from fiscal expenditure policy loans and government business guide fund.(5)It improves the way and mechanism of public financial support for the scientific and technological innovation.It analyzes the way of public financial support for scientific and technological innovation mainly from the financing,government guarantee and insurance mode and the public financial service way.It improves the coordinating mechanism of public financial support for science and technology innovation mainly from two aspects of internal coordination mechanism and the external coordination mechanism.This paper is written for the urgent need of public finance for science and technology enterprises in the process of technological innovation currently.It studies public financial support for science and technology innovation systematically.Study result will enrich and perfect the theory and method of public financial support for scientific and technological innovation and promote the development of financial theory of science and technology.It is helpful to chieve the goal of building innovative country.