Research On Water Resources Problems In The Process Of New Urbanization

New urbanization has become a leading China's future development trend and important strategic target,with the implementation of the strategy of China's new urbanization,water resource will play an important role in new urbanization.However,with the continuous development of China's urbanization process,the demand for water continues to rise and the discharge of wastewater increases gradually,and water resources will be threatened for a long time.What are the influencing factors of water resources use in the new urbanization process?Should we implement the regulation strategy on water resource so as to ensure the implementation of the new urbanization strategy?Study these problems is an urgent thing to solve the theory and practical problem for water resource constraints and the new urbanization strategy of successful implementation.It is also highly agreed with the report,put forward the party's 19 "insisting on the policy of save first","form the space pattern of resource conservation and environmental protection,industrial structure,mode of production and way of life".Existing literature on the relationship between urbanization and water resources,the research content are mainly concentrated in the population of permanent residents in the urbanization rate of total water and the influence of water environment.The study for the urbanization process of the influence factors of water resources use and the influence mechanism is less.Combine the new urbanization and water resources problem research literature hasn't been study.Most of the literature is based on regions or cities.And there are relatively few literatures about the systematic and dynamic studies on national macro level.However,there are few literatures to study the role of water resource and constraint in the new urbanization process,and there are few literatures to give specific measure formulas.From the existing literature research method,less with econometric analysis method to study the water security problem,and seldom consider two important problems:one is the measurement of endogenous variables in the model.Second,the interaction effect of explanatory variables in the model is not considered,which will make the interaction mechanism of the influencing factors be ignored.In order to make up the deficiency of the existing literature,Firstly,this paper analyzes the water resources in the new urbanization process,and to discuss the water resources security and constraint.On the basis of evaluating the quality of new urbanization and water resources safety,the formula of water resource security and constraint index is constructed for measure the degree of water resource security and constrain.Secondly,This paper applies China's provincial panel data from 2005 to 2015 to construct the Influence factor model of water demand and wastewater discharge in the process of new urbanization based on STIRPAT equation and extension form.The influence factors and mechanism of water resources are studied in terms of quantity and quality of water resources.Finally,UW system Policy simulation model has been constructed based on system dynamics,The strategy of water resources management under the new urbanization is systematically studied.The specific chapters of this article are as follows.The first chapter is environmental and resource economics theory.This chapter is the theoretical basis of the full text.Firstly,market failure theory and environment externality,the internalization of environmental externalities.Sustainable development theory and circular economy theory are summarized.Secondly,based on the literature review and the theory of resource and environmental economics,this paper summarizes the stage and development characteristics of China's new urbanization and summarizes the core ideas and connotations of new urbanization.Thirdly,based on the theory of water resources,the connotation and characteristics of new urbanization are connected,and the connotation and extension of water resources in the new urbanization process are clarified.Finally,based on the theory of new urbanization and water use,the contact of urbanization and water"social-economic-ecology" attribute,the study was based on "social-economic-ecological dynamics characteristics of complex systems of water resources.The second chapter is the effect of water resources in the process of new urbanization.This chapter discusses the effect of water resource in the new urbanization process.Firstly,based on the new urbanization theory,a new evaluation index system of urbanization quality was established and the entropy method was used to evaluate it.Secondly,based on the theory of water resources security and the concept framework of DPSIR,a comprehensive evaluation index system of water resources security is established and the entropy method is used to evaluate it.Thirdly,based on the evaluation result,we construct water resource security and constraint index formula,and measure the security and restraint effect of the new urbanization.Finally,the application of water resources security and constraint index formula,using 2010-2015 provincial panel data of 30 provinces in China,the provinces in 2010-2010 of water resources security and constraint index,regional differences are compared.The third chapter studies the influence factors of the total amount of water used in the new urbanization process.In this chapter,the total amount of water is used as the variable of the quantity of water resources.The influencing factors of total water consumption in the process of new urbanization are analyzed.Firstly,the relevant literatures of STIRPAT's equation are summarized.Secondly,based on the theory of new urbanization and water resources,the model of influencing factors of water consumption under the new urbanization is constructed based on STIRPAT's equation.Thirdly,it discusses the endogeneity of the model explanatory variable per capita GDP and ten thousand yuan of GDP,and tests the instrumental variables to find the appropriate tool variables to handle the endogeneity of explanatory variables.Then,the application of 2005-2005 provincial panel data of 30 provinces in China,using GMM method to estimate the influence factors of total water model,and analyzed based on the estimation result of the total water influence factors and influence mechanism,further to test the robustness of the model;Finally,the regional differences of the total water consumption are discussed.The fourth chapter is the research on the influence factors of wastewater discharge in the new urbanization process.The total amount of wastewater discharged is taken as a variable of water resources quality,and the influencing factors of the total amount of wastewater discharged in the process of new urbanization are analyzed.Firstly,based on the theory of new urbanization and water resource security theory,the model of the influence factors of the total effluent discharge amount of new urbanization process is constructed based on STIRPAT's equation.Secondly,this paper discusses the endogeneity of the model explanatory variable per capita GDP and the waste water discharge of ten thousand yuan of GDP,and tests the instrumental variables to find the appropriate tool variables to deal with the endogeneity of explanatory variables.Again,the application of 2005-2015 provincial panel data of 30 provinces in China,using GMM method to estimate the influence factors of wastewater model,and based on the estimated results analyzed the influence factors of wastewater emissions and the influence mechanism,further to test the robustness of the model;Finally,the regional difference of the total effluent effect mechanism is discussed.The fifth chapter is the regulation strategy of water resources in the process of new urbanization.Based on the previous research conclusions,this chapter constructs a policy simulation model to study the regulation strategy of water resources.First,the system dynamics methods is summarized.Secondly,based on the water resources security and constraint index formula,the influence factor of total water and wastewater discharge measurement model,and auxiliary to Logistics growth curve model,the comprehensive evaluation model,etc.,to establish UW system policy simulation model;Again,combined with the national policy file set variable values,is calculated under different scenarios mode of new urbanization,water quality safety and security of water resources and the constraints index value of the core variable,and predict the future development trend;Finally,based on the policy simulation results,the optimal strategy of water resource regulation in the new urbanization process is proposed.Through the research of this paper,the following main conclusions are drawn:All the provinces of the WSC index value basically between 0.4 to 0.8,and most of the numerical value is greater than 0.5 and less than 0.7,basically there is no weak constraint conditions.Water resources are mainly a constraint to the new urbanization process.In general,the WSC index in the eastern provinces is between 0.4 and 0.7,which is lower than that of the central and western regions,and the WSC index in the central and western regions is not very different.Due to the size of the WSC index related to the new quality index and water security index of urbanization,the eastern region of the province,relative to other provinces with high quality index value,a new type of urbanization water security index value is relatively high,so the value of the WSC index is relatively small.New in the process of urbanization,urbanization rate,per capita GDP,the proportion of the added value of the tertiary industry to GDP,ten thousand yuan GDP water consumption and water reuse rate of total water have a significant impact,is the main factors that influence the safety of water quantity,its effects include two aspects:First,it can optimize the quantity of water resources,the rise of urbanization rate reduces total water and the associated with per capita GDP;The transformation and upgrading of economic structure reduces the total amount of water.The increase of water efficiency makes the total amount of water decrease and is related to the reuse of water resources.When the water consumption of ten thousand yuan of GDP is less than 365.76 cubic meters,the increase of the reuse rate of water resources reduces the total water consumption and is related to the water consumption of ten thousand yuan.When GDP per capita is less than 67516 yuan in the east,the rise of urbanization rate to total water cut,the western urbanization rate rise reduces total water and associated with per capita GDP,there were significant differences between regions.Second,it exerts stress on the quantity of water resources.The increase of per capita GDP makes the total amount of water increase and is related to the urbanization rate.When water efficiency is extremely low,even increasing the reuse rate of water resources cannot reduce the total amount of water,and the improvement of water efficiency is the key to reduce the total amount of water.The increase of urbanization rate in central China has resulted in a decrease in total water consumption and related to GDP per capita,with significant regional differences.The increase of per capita GDP in the three regions in the eastern and western regions has reduced the total amount of water and related to the urbanization rate,and there are significant differences in the degree of impact.New in the process of urbanization,urbanization rate and GDP per capita,the added value of the third industry share of GDP,wastewater emissions and the environmental governance investment ten thousand yuan GDP is a significant impact on wastewater emissions,is the main influence factors,water quality and safety of its effects include two aspects:First,it can optimize the quality of water resources,the urbanization rate influence on wastewater emissions associated with per capita GDP,per capita GDP is lower than 24125 yuan,the rise of urbanization rate will reduce wastewater emissions;The transformation and upgrading of industrial structure will reduce the total amount of wastewater discharged.The improvement of wastewater treatment technology reduces the total amount of wastewater discharged and is related to investment in environmental management.When wastewater emissions below ten thousand yuan GDP is 8.65 tons,the increase of the environmental governance investment and reduce wastewater emissions associated with ten thousand yuan GDP wastewater,technical level is the key to improve the water environment factors;Eastern GDP per capita is less than 31611 yuan,the urbanization rate reduce wastewater emissions,in the middle of the urbanization rate reduce wastewater emissions,and is associated with a per capita GDP,significant regional differences;The decline in the amount of waste water in the eastern,central and western regions of China's GDP has resulted in an increase in total waste water emissions.The second is to stress the quality of water resources,the urbanization rate of wastewater emissions associated with per capita GDP,the influence of when GDP per head is higher than 24125 yuan,the rise of urbanization rate will increase wastewater emissions;The increase of GDP per capita leads to an increase in total waste water emissions and is related to urbanization rate.When ten thousand yuan GDP wastewater is located in the very high level,the increase of the environmental governance investment even make wastewater increased slightly,means that the low levels of wastewater treatment,even if the increase of the environmental governance investment can improve the water environment,technical level is the key to improve the water environment factors;The urbanization rate in western China increases the total amount of wastewater discharged and is related to GDP per capita.The growth of GDP per capita in the east,central and western regions has resulted in an increase in total waste water emissions and is associated with urbanization rates.The best solution of the UW system is to coordinate the development mode,and then to continue the current development mode.Under the coordinated development mode,the new urbanization and water resources and coordination are developing,and the sustainable development of water resources should be realized while ensuring the urbanization and economic growth.To realize the coordinated development,put forward the control strategies for water resources security,the urbanization rate of average annual growth rate should be from the current 2.0%to 2.0%,the average annual GDP growth to maintain the current level of growth 9.5%,the added value of the third industry,the average annual growth rate to keep the current level of growth 12%,water consumption of ten thousand yuan GDP average annual growth rate should be increased from the current 8.20%to 9.84%,ten thousand yuan GDP wastewater emissions of the average annual growth rate should be increased from the current 5.30%to 6.36%,the utilization ratio of water to repeat an average annual growth rate should be from the current 1.30%to 1.30%,environmental governance investing congress average growth should be from the current 11.0%to 11.0%.Finally,based on the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward the suggestion and path of water resources management in the new urbanization process.