The Influence Effect Of Energy-saving Biased-oriented Technological Progress On Economic Growth,energy Conservation And Emission Reduction

The growth is often accompanied by constraints on energy resources and environmental pollution.Excessive pursuit of economic growth will bring negative effects of resources and environment.Since the 18th century to the 19th century,the contradictions between economic growth and resources and environment have received extensive attention,the coordinated development between economic growth and resource environment has become a new goal pursued by countries.Technological progress is the source of sustainable economic growth,and the key to solving resource and environmental problems.It is also an effective carrier for coordinating the contradictions between economic growth and resources and environment,and plays an important role in it.Since 1978,China has achieved continuous high-speed growth for many years at the expense of a large amount of energy resources and deterioration of the ecological environment.In particular,China's industrial sector has contributed only 40%of GDP in the past 30 years,and energy consumption accounts for 68%,and CO₂ emissions account for 83%,with typical"high growth,high energy consumption,high pollution"characteristics,China's long-term dependence on high input,high consumption of extensive and resource-driven economic growth has been difficult to sustain,The best example is China under the“Smog”in 2013.As China moves toward a“new era”,the constraints on energy resources are further tightened,the ecological environment is further deteriorating,the cost of environmental governance is rising,and the transformation of growth mode is imminent,how to ensure the continuous growth of the economy while effectively guaranteeing the quality of the ecological environment and achieve a balance.It is great significance to the fundamental transformation of China's economic growth pattern driven by technological progress,the transformation and upgrading of economic structure,and the promotion of changes in the quality of economic development,changes in efficiency,and changes in power and the construction of a modern economic system.Therefore,exploring the mechanism and effect of energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress on economic growth,energy conservation and emission reduction has important research significance and research value.Therefore,This paper uses the basic concepts and endogenous mechanisms of energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress as the logical starting point.Under the framework of biased technological progress,we theoretically elaborated the mechanism of energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress which promoted economic growth,energy conservation and emission reduction.From the national,industrial,and corporate levels,we will empirically analysis of the effects of energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress on economic growth,reduction in energy consumption and CO₂ emissions,and then explore the inductive mechanism,induced effect and policy choice of energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress.Finally,it proposes relevant policy recommendations for guiding technological progress towards energy conservation,and effectively exerting its economic growth effect,energy saving and emission reduction effects.The aim is to answer the following questions:First,the mechanism of energy conservation biased technological progress on economic growth,energy conservation and emission reduction?Second,is China's overall and industrial industry's technological progress biased toward energy conservation,and how will it affect economic growth,energy consumption,and CO₂ emissions?Third,is there a difference in the bias of technological progress from different sources and its impact on economic growth,energy consumption,and CO₂ emissions?Fourth,what motivates can induce energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress,induce effects,and induce policy choices?The main research results of this article include:?1?Explore the benchmarks of energy-saving biased-oriented technology progress.If??1,B??t??C??t?orB??t??D??t?,or at the time,if??1,B??t??C??t?orB??t??D??t?,it is energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress.?2?Revealing the mechanism and effect of energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress on economic growth.Energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress promotes economic growth implementation:If??1,energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress promote TFP improvement through energy-enhancing technology progress index effects.An empirical study finds that:From 1991 to 2015,China's technological progress generally favored capital and energy,favoringcapital-using,energy-usingand labor-saving.Energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress and energy-labor-biased technology advances have contributed to improve total factor productivity?TFP?,neutral technological progress and energy-capital biased technological progress have inhibitory effect to total factor productivity?TFP?improvement.In recent years,China's TFP growth has shown a declining trend,which is mainly affected by the negative effects of neutral technological advances and energy-capital biased technological progress on the increase of TFP.?3?Revealing the mechanism and effect of energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress on energy conservation and emission reduction.Energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress promotes energy saving and emission reduction Implementation:When the energy-saving bias-oriented technological progresses sufficiently beyond the threshold,it begins to suppress energy consumption and CO₂ emissions,and the“energy rebound effect”turns into“energy-saving effect”,“carbon emissions effect"turns into"the emission reduction effect".The effect of energy-saving bias-oriented technological progress on energy consumption and CO₂ emissions depends on marginal utility flexibility.Empirical studies have found that China's industry as a whole was biased toward energy and capital from 1995 to 2015,and favoring energy-using,capital-using and labor-saving.There is an"inverted U-shaped"curve relationship between energy-saving bias-oriented technological progress,energy consumption intensity,and CO₂emissions.Under the effect of elasticity of marginal utility??1,the marginal utility will elastically amplify the“energy rebound effect”and“carbon emission effect”,increase energy consumption and CO₂ emissions.The energy consumption structure has a significant impact on energy consumption and CO₂ emissions.Energy prices have no significant effect on energy consumption and CO₂ emissions.Therefore,in addition to exerting efforts to guide technological progress towards energy conservation,reasonably adjusting energy consumption structure,and rationalizing the energy price mechanism,we must also rationally guide social consumption concepts so that the marginal utility elasticity is maintained within a reasonable range,effectively suppressing the“energy rebound effect”and"carbon emission effect."?4?Revealing the bias of technological advancement from different sources and the effects of economic growth and energy conservation and emission reduction.Different sources of technological progress have different characteristics of factor use and economic growth effects,energy saving and emission reduction effects,The technological progress of independent innovation R&D,the introduction of foreign technologies and the introduction of technology to digest and absorb forms are favoring energy-using,capital-using and labor-saving,the technological progress of domestic technological forms is relatively biased towards labor,and the technological progress of technological transformation is relatively biased towards capital.There are also obvious differences in economic growth and energy saving and emission reduction effects of technological advancement from different sources.Independent innovation R&D has the highest economic growth effect and high energy saving and emission reduction effects.Technology transformation has the highest energy saving and emission reduction effect,but it has a negative effect on economic growth.The economic growth effects of the introduction of foreign technologies,the introduction of technology to digest and absorb and purchase domestic technologies are all small,and have negative effects on energy conservation and emission reduction.Technological advances from different sources are mainly induced by biased technological progress to induce energy-saving biased technological progress,promote economic growth,and reduce energy consumption and CO₂ emissions.Therefore,the differences in the factors of technological advancement from different sources and their effects on economic growth,energy consumption,and CO₂emissions are highly valued.There are significant differences in the economic growth effect and energy saving and emission reduction effects of technological advancement from different sources.The independent innovation R&D has the highest economic growth effect,and the energy saving and emission reduction effect is also high;the technological transformation has the highest energy saving and emission reduction effect,but has a negative effect on economic growth;the economic growth effect of introducing foreign technology,introducing technology to digest,absorb and purchase domestic technology both are small and also have a negative effect on energy conservation and emission reduction.The technological progress of different sources showed partial technological progress of the economic growth effect and energy saving and emission reduction effects all significantly greater than the neutral technological progress^'.The Chinese industry mainly induced the energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress through the effect of biased technological progress,and then promote economic growth,reduce energy intensity and CO₂emission intensity.Therefore,the influence of the factors of technological advancement from different sources of Chinese industrial enterprises on industrial economic growth,energy intensity,and CO₂ emission intensity deserves great attention.?5?Exploring the inductive mechanism,induced effect and policy choice of energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress.Overall induced energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress depends on:whether the rate of return from energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress is greater than the gain from unbiased or biased other factors,the relative scarcity of energy and the relative increase productivity of energy elements.Empirical studies have found that energy price,research and development?technology?policy,environmental regulation,and imports are conducive to inducing energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress,and that exports,technological progress path dependence and FDI are not conducive to inducing energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress.Market regulation of energy prices,environmental regulations,research and development?technical?policies,and international trade-induced policies are important policy options that induce energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress.Finally,based on the research results of this paper,we have found that the energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress has both economic growth effects and energy-saving and emission-reduction effects,and it is one of the effective ways to promote the coordinated development of China's economic growth,energy and resource conservation,and environmental protection.In order to fully guide technological advances to save energy factor,and to promote its positive contribution to economic growth,and reduce energy consumption and carbon emission reduction,we proposed relevant policy recommendations,such as increasing support for energy-saving biased-oriented technological progress in research and development technical policy,and rationalizing the energy price mechanism,reasonably guiding the concept of social consumption,strengthening supervision over the effects of exports and FDI on the environment,actively introducing cutting-edge cleaner production technologies,and strengthening environmental regulations.