History Of Mathematical Logic In China(1920-1966)

Mathematical logic,also known as symbolic logic,theoretical logic or logistic,is a branch of mathematics that deals with logic or formal logic using mathematical methods.Mathematical logic was born at the end of the 17 th century.So far,it has a history of more than 300 years.Mathematical logic originated as "logic using mathematical methods".Later,the development of mathematics put forward and required to solve the problems of logic and philosophical basis of mathematics,so mathematical logic was further developed into "logic about mathematics",and combined with the theory of foundations of mathematics,became a branch of mathematics with strong vitality and wide application.Mathematical logic was introduced to China in 1920 with the visit of Russell(1872-1970),a famous British philosopher,mathematician,social activist and master of mathematical logic.Taking the development history of mathematical logic in China from 1920 to 1966 as the research object,the paper makes a more detailed and in-depth study on the basis of systematic excavation,collection and arrangement of original documents and research documents,in an attempt to clarify the basic context of its development as a whole,presenting the contributions of major scientists and the exchanges of mathematical logic between China and foreign countries,and objectively reflect its development level and characteristics.The paper mainly includes the following four parts:1.The paper analyzes the birth of mathematical logic and the development history of its branches in four stages,such as pre-historical period,first stage,second stage and third stage.2.The paper investigates the introduction of mathematical logic by Chinese scholars in the first half of the 20 th century.Analyzes thediscussion on mathematical logic by Chinese scholars before Russell came to China and the historical background,content and influence of his lecture on mathematical logic.Discusses the attitude,academic level and spreading range of Chinese scholars when mathematical logic was first introduced into China,focusing on Luosusuanlizhexue,the first translation of mathematical logic in China.The paper collects the mathematical logic papers of early Chinese scholars and introduces their introduction to set theory,foundation of mathematics and basic theories of mathematical logic.3.The paper reviews and summarizes the development history and characteristics of mathematical logic in the period of 1920-1949.Based on Wang Dianji's logic and mathematical logic,Modern logic and Jin Yuelin's Logic,researches interests,level and contribution of mathematical logic by Chinese scholars in this period.In particular,this paper discusses the development of mathematical logic education at all levels and the study and research of the first group of Chinese students studying mathematical logic abroad in the 1930 s and 1940 s.4.The paper reviews and summarizes the development history and characteristics of mathematical logic in the period of 1949-1966.Focuses on the publicity and popularization of mathematical logic in this period to eliminate the distortion and misunderstanding of mathematical logic by the scientific community and the public.Analyzes the promotion effect of the academic exchanges at home and abroad and the 12-year long-term plan on mathematical logic,and summarizes the main achievements of Chinese scholars in the field of mathematical logic theory and application.Based on the background of the nationwide adjustment of colleges and departments in 1952,discusses the cultivation of mathematical logic professionals.The main conclusions are as follows:1.In the period of the Republic of China,pioneers represented by Fu Zhongsun,Zhang Shenfu,Jin Yuelin and Wang Dianji made outstandingcontributions to the introduction and dissemination of mathematical logic in China.Their introduction was discreet,responsible and advanced.Their work makes the development of mathematical logic in China has a high starting point and a good foundation,took a historic and solid step.2.In the period of m1920-1949,only a few people studied and researched mathematical logic in China,and there was no extensive and stable foundation for its development.The work of some scientists and their prospective results have not made the necessary impact.Mathematical logic is only taught in high school and college,and has not been the main object of theoretical research.3.In the period of 1949-1966,Chinese mathematical logicians carried out effective publicity and popularization work to make mathematical logic have the mass foundation of sustainable development.In the 1950 s,mathematical logic research institutions were established one after another,which marked that the development of mathematical logic in China had entered the stage of special research from the stage of combining teaching and research.During this period,Chinese mathematical logic has been intensively studied in the fields of logical calculus,recursion and application of mathematical logic,etc.,especially in the two fields of logical calculus and recursion,some internationally advanced achievements have been made.4.Mathematical logic education in colleges has brought a turning point for its development.In 1927,Jin Yuelin started a course in mathematical logic at the philosophy department of Tsinghua university.In the 1930 s and 1940 s,the first group of overseas students who received mathematical logic education in China went abroad for further study under the guidance of world-renowned masters.After they returned to China,they devoted themselves to the forefront of education and scientific research,created a new situation of mathematical logic in China.5.National policy is an important driving force for the developmentof mathematical logic.In 1956,after the promulgation of the outline of the long-term plan for the development of science and technology from1956 to 1967,the circle of mathematical and colleges all over the country carried out the long-term plan accordingly.A large scale of planned scientific research has been carried out in the field of mathematical logic and a new pattern of the development of mathematical logic in China has been established.