| Cultural industry and tourism industry are highly potential industries in the modern service industry,both have internal differences and inseparable natural connections.“Culture is the soul of tourism”,which indicate that culture is a more attractive industrial attribute of tourism.With the proportion and value of culture are increasingly expanding in the regional economic and social development,an inevitable and positive industrial trend is formed.According to the United Nations World Tourism Organization,it’s about 37% of the world’s tourism activities involve cultural factors,and cultural tourists annually increase by 15%.“Tourism is the carrier of culture”,the booming tourism industry boosts the economic development,and expands communication channels of prosperous cultural undertakings.Since the reform and opening up,China’s tourism industry has undergone 40 years evolution: taking-off,catching-up and leaping.Tourism accelerates the development of regional economy and society through Trickle Down Effect” and “Spillover Effect”.In 2017,the composite contribution of China’s tourism industry to GDP was 9.13 trillion yuan,accounting for 11.04% of total GDP.There are 28.25 million people directly employed in tourism,79.9 million directly and indirectly employed in tourism,accounting for 10.28% of the total employed population in China.Therefore,tourism has become a rising impetus for China’s economic and social development.Whereas with China’s economy is entering a period of new normal,all industrial sectors are ready to create a new growth engine of coordinated economic,social and ecological development through model innovation and industry amalgamation.Therefore,the deep amalgamation and coordinated development of culture and tourism is the internal requirement for the transformation of economic development pattern,and the only way for the international community to actively propose the “The Belt and Road” vision and realize the “Going Abroad Strategy” of Chinese culture.As a vital link connecting the “Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road”,the Yangtze River Economic Zone covers three regions of the East,the Middle and the West of China,covering 21% of the country’s land area,occupying more than 40% of the country’s GDP and population.The Yangtze River Basin culture as the carrier,the region is rich in diverse and profound culture and tourism resources.With the rapid development of Yangtze River Economic Zone,the culture and tourism industries have undergone from the early stage of developing respectively to the later stage of natural integration,and then to the current stage of deep amalgamation.The culture and tourism amalgamation industry has occupied an increasingly prominent status in the adjustment of industrial structure within the region.However,“the tree of practice is always vigorous,and the theory is always incomplete”.Compared with the full-fledged practice development of regional culture and tourism amalgamation,the theoretical research on it is relatively lagging behind,especially for the Yangtze River Economic Zone as the target,and there is comparative scarcity of systematic research on culture and tourism amalgamation industry.Therefore,based on the theory of resource innovation,this study adopts the method combining the qualitative research and quantitative research,and takes “characteristic analysis — capacity evaluation — regional differences — efficiency measurement — influencing factors — countermeasures and suggestions” as the research framework to systematically study the evolution of culture and tourism amalgamation industry in the Yangtze River Economic Zone,including:(1)an explanation on the resource system of culture and tourism industry and the coordination of amalgamation development through detailed literature review and concept analysis;(2)with the help of historical analysis and visualization of mapping knowledge domain,the development of culture and tourism amalgamation industry in the Yangtze River Economic Zone is systematically analyzed,and the periodical features of the development of culture and tourism amalgamation industry in this region are identified;(3)a systematic and comprehensive evaluation system on culture and tourism amalgamation industry resources is constructed based on interviews from experts and statistical analysis;(4)an effective evaluation on the resource levels of each factor in the Yangtze River Economic Zone is carried out to explore the spatial and temporal features of the region;(5)based on the features above,the resource utilization efficiency and influencing factors of the culture and tourism amalgamation industry in the Yangtze River Economic Zone are analyzed in depth;(6)based on the research results,policies and suggestions of the coordinated development of the culture and tourism amalgamation industry are put forward in the Yangtze River Economic Zone.Based on the intensive and systematic research on the above issues,this thesis finds that:(1)there are periodical features existed in resources during the development of regional culture and tourism amalgamation industry in China,including the project driven stage before 2007,the factor driven stage from 2008 to 2010,the amalgamation development stage from 2011 to 2013,and the innovation driven stage after 2014;(2)the evaluation system of regional culture and tourism amalgamation industry resources has a multi-level structure,which is composed of three levels: the base level,the middle level and the potential level,as well as three systems: conditional resources,subjective resources and developmental resources;(3)the regional features of culture and tourism amalgamation industry resources in the Yangtze River Economic Zone are solidified,in spatial distribution,showing features that “multi-polar and balanced development” in the downstream,“both sides complementary propelling” in the midstream and “Sichuan province unipolar breakthrough” in the upstream In the time series,the regional features show a steady-state and ascending trend,especially since entering the developing amalgamation stage in 2011,the overall level of culture and tourism amalgamation resources has grown rapidly.(4)The time-varying features of the utilization efficiency of the culture and tourism amalgamation industry resources are distinct,accompanying with relatively serious phenomenon of input redundancy,which are particularly reflected as follows: 1)the resource utilization efficiency presents a rising trend on the overall level and in the three regions;2)the input redundancy rate is relatively high,which is reflected in the aspects below: the scale of culture and tourism enterprises in the subjective resource system,the scale of culture and tourism human resources,the ecological resources in the developmental system and regional innovation resources;3)in terms of geography,compared with the upstream and the downstream,the input redundancy condition is relatively good in the midstream,and the redundancy level of each input element is basically balanced.(5)The impact and effect of resource elements act on the development of culture and tourism amalgamation industry are unequally.The resource elements such as culture and tourism market size HB and ecological resource ML are forcefully stimulating the regional culture and tourism amalgamation industry;on the contrary,regional traffic condition FCD,external dependence FTD and quality resources of cultural and tourism QRS have certain negative effects on the development of culture and tourism amalgamation industry at this stage.Finally,the thesis puts forward suggestions for the coordinated development of culture and tourism amalgamation industry in the Yangtze River Economic Zone from 5 aspects:(1)to establish a factor coordination platform from a global perspective,and to explore the new image and brand of culture and tourism amalgamation industry;(2)to focus on regional resources exploitation and product innovation,and to promote the new formats in the culture and tourism market;(3)to collaborate the relationship among tourism,economy and ecology,and to enhance the coupling degree and amalgamation of regional culture and tourism Industry as well;(4)to take the spatial differences of provinces and regions along the Yangtze River Economic Zone into account,and to realize the advantageous complementarities of resources through trans-regional cooperations;(5)to reduce the input redundancy during the process of culture and tourism amalgamation,and to achieve the efficient development of culture and tourism industry in the Yangtze River Economic Zone. |
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