The Eco-criticism Of Capitalism And The Conception Of Ecological Socialism

With the rapid development of the productivity of the world and the improvement of science and technology,people's development and utilization of nature are gradually stepping into the extreme.And due to the catalysis of the attached pollutants in industrial development,the natural environment is being destroyed unprecedentedly,along with the environment in which human beings live is greatly threatened.Facing those severe ecological problems,many scholars began to focus on how to protect and build the better natural ecological environment.The countries all over the world also put forward higher requirements for natural protection.James O'Connor,as a famous ecological Marxism scholar,has been specialized in how to understand the contradiction between the development of capitalist society and nature;how to use the Marxism doctrine on the natural ecology to be the reasonable and scientific protection and utilization and other aspects have become an independent school of understanding and awareness of the thought to study at the end of the century.It is very helpful for China to further comb and contributes to the green ecological concept through a much more scientific and reasonable angle.This research is based on the detailed interpretation of O'Connor ecology Marx thought of the text,based on mastering the main points and arguments,dig out the core theory of it,and how to deepen the understanding towards the ecology of Marx's theory into globalization and practice of socialism practical practice.Marx O'Connor's theory of ecology is not simply inherited Marx's theoretical achievements concerning the contradictions of capitalist production,but basing on the ecological environment,through the re-combing of the relationship between human and nature,combined the ecological changes and ecological protection with social productivity.He re-interpreted the meaning and the content of the internal crisis and contents of capitalism.Due to starting the ecological problems as the starting point,it derives the second contradiction between productive forces and production relations of capitalism,which is the contradiction between natural environment and humanities environment.It further reveals that the capitalism could not be the ultimate form of human society.Towards question like how to change the current ecological environment and social development between the conflict issues,O'Connor thought that we cannot simply rely on the existing "green movements" and ecological movements and so on,it must be associated with the forms of socialist and the movement,and to realize the aspirations of ecological socialism based on this.The structure of this article is divided into three parts: introduction,text and conclusion.The first chapter introduces the background of the topic,the significance of the topic,the current research situation at domestic and abroad,the research idea,the research method and the innovation point.The second chapter mainly introduces O'Connor's re-interpretation of historical materialism and how he extended and developed on the basis of Marx's historical materialism.On the one hand,O'Connor agreed with Marx's theory on historical materialism and analysis;on the other hand,he also pointed out that the theory of Marx's doctrines is a traditional field of ecology;Marx ignored the "ecological Marxism".With the reinterpretation of his understanding of materialism,O'Connor clarified his work on the ecological "repair" of Marx doctrine under the core concept of nature.The third chapter mainly introduces O'Connor's criticism of capitalism towards ecology.In O'Connor's theory,there exists not only the contradiction between productive forces and productive relations,but also a second contradiction between productive relations and production conditions of Marx in capitalism.These two contradictions are all caused by the nature of capitalism,so it is impossible to change and eliminate the social system without changing the form of social system.So O'Connor naturally came to the conclusion that capitalist system will inevitably lead to ecological crisis.Eliminating the ecological crisis will inevitably require overthrowing the capitalist system.The fourth chapter turns the problem to the international level.In the book "natural reason",O'Connor has put forward the idea of solving the ecological crisis by abandoning the narrow perspective of localism,and advocating the integration of global green action.Here,we can try to deepen O'Connor's thinking in a logical way,in order to find a practical and reasonable plan of global ecological justice,which makes O'Connor's thought possible from reality to reality.In the fifth chapter,after pointing out the internal crisis of capitalism,O'Connor gave his countermeasures: the combination of ecology and socialism.O'Connor criticized the practical socialist practice represented by the Soviet model and believed that they still could not get rid of the ecological crisis.As for the ideal ecological socialism,O ' Connor gave some basic principles,such as counter-bureaucracy,transforming distributive justice to productive justice,etc.But it has to be addressed that O'Connor himself did not give any specific concrete measures.In a sense,O'Connor's ecological socialism has a certain utopian nature.The sixth chapter mainly inspects O'Connor's ecological socialism's theoretical inspiration for the construction of socialist ecological civilization in China.In the primary stage of socialism,facing the background of economic globalization,we inevitably face ecological problems.O'Connor's thought can solve the problem of ecological environment,realize the wish of putting the healthy development of society and nature together,and provide us with a broader idea.The concluding remarks have made a summary and further deepening of O'Connor's theory of Marx's theory of ecology.