Study On The Application Of Nano Liposome In The Processing And Functionalization Of Cellulose Fibers

Cellulose fibers occupy a main position in the frequently-used life textiles of people.However,there are a series of problems in the processing and functionalization of cellulose fibers,mainly reflected in the following aspects:the addition of stabilizer(sodium silicate)in the process of hydrogen peroxide bleaching resulted in the salt pollution of water body;the addition of dyeing promoter(sodium chloride)in the process of reactive dyes and direct dyes dyeing also caused the salt pollution of the ecological environment;the addition of polymer nano silver dispersant in the preparation process of nano silver sol also resulted in the pollution of environment,and the whiteness of the cellulose fiber fabric after antibacterial finishing was obviously decreased.To solve the above-mentioned problems,the neutral nano liposome(lipid 0#)and cationic nano liposome(lipid 3#)were synthesized by using non-toxic,harmless and biodegradable soybean lecithin and stearic amide as raw materials in this paper,and using the good wrapping property and slow release property of nano liposome for various solutes,the nano liposome was applied to:1)cellulose fiber bleaching,2)cellulose fiber dyeing,and 3)preparation of nano silver sol.The optimum technological conditions for the application of nano liposome in the above mentioned fields were identified.At the same time,the process conditions of cellulose fiber traditional bleaching and dyeing were optimized,and the treatment effect of cellulose fibers with nano liposome was compared with the traditional bleaching effect,dyeing effect and antibacterial effect of cellulose fibers.The main contents/findings of this research are:1.The neutral nano liposome(lipid 0#)and cationic nano liposome(lipid 3#)were synthesized by using soybean lecithin and stearic amide as raw materials,the optimal conditions for the synthetic nano liposome are:reaction temperature of 40 ?,rotational speed 50 rpm,treatment of ultrasonic dispersion 5 min.The particle size and Zeta potential of lipid 0#were 30.47 nm and-1.69 mV,respectively,the particle size and Zeta potential of lipid 3#were 41.71 nm and +27.8 mV,respectively.2.The optimum cellulose fiber bleaching conditions related to the use of nano liposome as hydrogen peroxide stabilizer were determined:lipid 0#or lipid 3#dosage of 56 mmol/L,bath ratio of 1:30,hydrogen peroxide dosage of 20 ml/L,pH of 9,bleaching temperature of 85 ?,bleaching time of 60 min.The traditional bleaching process conditions by using sodium silicate as hydrogen peroxide stabilizer were optimized:sodium silicate dosage of 8 g/L,bath ratio of 1:30,hydrogen peroxide dosage of 20 ml/L,pH of 9,bleaching temperature of 90 ?,bleaching time of 60 min,penetrating agent(JFC)dosage of 3 g/L.The effect of polyvalent metal ion and penetrating agent(JFC)on hydrogen peroxide bleaching under the presence of three different stabilizers was investigated.The results showed that polyvalent metal ion had the minimal effect on hydrogen peroxide bleaching under the presence of lipid 3#stabilizers,the moderate effect on hydrogen peroxide bleaching under the presence of lipid 0#stabilizers,and the greatest effect on hydrogen peroxide bleaching under the presence of sodium silicate stabilizers.Penetrating agent(JFC)had almost no effect on hydrogen peroxide bleaching under the presence of lipid 0#and lipid 3#stabilizers,and had some effect on hydrogen peroxide bleaching under the presence of sodium silicate stabilizer.Under the above optimum conditions of hydrogen peroxide bleaching,the bleaching effect under the presence of three different hydrogen peroxide stabilizers was compared.The results showed that bleaching effect of sodium silicate stabilizer,bleaching effect of lipid 0#stabilizer and bleaching effect of lipid 3#stabilizer was the progressive optimization relationship.Meanwhile,the decomposition rates of hydrogen peroxide under the presence of three different hydrogen peroxide stabilizers were also analyzed,and the results showed that there was the same depletion rate of hydrogen peroxide.3.The optimum cellulose fiber dyeing conditions related to the use of nano liposome as reactive dye dyeing promoter were determined:lipid 0#or lipid 3#dosage of 84 mmol/L,reactive dye dosage of 2%(owf),bath ratio of 1:30,sodium carbonate 10 g/L,dyeing temperature of 60 ?,dyeing time of 30 min,dye-fixing temperature of 85 ?,dye-fixing time of 40 min.The traditional dyeing process conditions related to the use of sodium chloride as reactive dye dyeing promoter were optimized:sodium chloride dosage of 60 g/L,reactive dye dosage of 2%(owf),bath ratio of 1:50,sodium carbonate 10 g/L,dyeing temperature of 60 ?,dyeing time of 30 min,dye-fixing temperature of 90 ?,dye-fixing time of 30 min.Meanwhile,the optimum cellulose fiber dyeing conditions related to the use of nano liposome as direct dyes dyeing promoter were also determined:lipid 0#or lipid 3#dosage of 56 mmol/L,direct dyes dosage of 2%(owf),bath ratio of 1:30,initial dyeing temperature of 40 ?;dyeing temperature of 85 ?,dyeing time of 55 min.The traditional dyeing process conditions related to the use of sodium chloride as direct dyes dyeing promoter were also optimized:sodium chloride dosage of 20 g/L,direct dyes dosage of 2%(owf),bath ratio of 1:50,initial dyeing temperature of 40 ?,dyeing temperature of 90 ?,dyeing time of 45 min.Under the above optimum conditions of reactive dyes and direct dyes dyeing,the dyeing effect under the presence of three different reactive dyes and direct dyes dyeing promoters was compared.Comparison results show,a light colors fabric can only be dyed related to the use of lipid 0#and lipid 3#as reactive dyes and direct dyes dyeing promoter,but a deep colors fabric can be obtained related to the use of traditional sodium chloride as reactive dyes and direct dyes dyeing promotor.But from the point of view of dyeing levelness,dyeing levelness of sodium chloride,dyeing levelness of lipid 0#and dyeing levelness of lipid 3#is gradually enhanced.A deep colors fabric also can be achieved when lipid 0#or lipid 3#was used together with sodium chloride.More importantly,to get deep colors fabric with the same K/S value,if the cellulose fiber is dyed with reactive dyes,the 1/2 dosage of sodium chloride can be saved when lipid 0#was used together with sodium chloride,the 2/3 dosage of sodium chloride can be saved when lipid 3#was used together with sodium chloride,if the cellulose fiber is dyed with direct dyes,the 3/8 dosage of sodium chloride can be saved when lipid 0#was used together with sodium chloride,the 1/2 dosage of sodium chloride can be saved when lipid 3#was used together with sodium chloride.4.The optimum nano silver sol preparing conditions related to the use of nano liposome as nano silver dispersant were determined:silver nitrate dosage of 0.15 mmol/L,nano liposome/silver nitrate molar ratio of 1 mol/mol,reducing agent polyethylene glycol/silver nitrate molar ratio of 2 mol/mol,temperature of 55 ?.The antibacterial finishing optimal conditions of cotton fabric were:dipping temperature 80 ?,dipping time 40 min,bath ratio of 1:30,roll compacting(with liquid rate of about 70%),drying temperature 85 ?,drying time 3 min.Using lipid 0#,lipid 3#and polyvinylpyrrolidone as nano silver dispersant,under the optimum nano silver sol preparing conditions and the antibacterial finishing optimal conditions of cotton fabric,antibacterial finishing effect of fabric,the stability of nano silver sol and the washing fastness of the antibacterial finishing fabric was compared,in terms of the effect of antibacterial finishing,antibacterial finishing fabrics have good antibacterial effect and the sterilizing rate is above 99.34%related to the use of lipid 0#,lipid 3#and polyvinylpyrrolidone as nano silver dispersant,but whiteness of antibacterial finishing fabrics related to the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone as nano silver dispersant is not as good as whiteness of antibacterial finishing fabrics related to the use of lipid 0#and lipid 3#as nano silver dispersant,in terms of the dispersion stability of nano silver sol,the dispersion stability of nano silver sol decreased obviously 10 days later and sterilizing rate has been decreased to less than 90%30 days later related to the use of lipid 0#and lipid 3#as nano silver dispersant.However,the dispersion stability of polyvinylpyrrolidone is better than that of lipid 0#and lipid 3#,the sterilizing rate of the fabric still can reach more than 90%30 days later,in terms of the fastness to washing of antibacterial finishing fabrics,the nano silver content and sterilizing rate of the fabric were all decreased after 10 times and 50 times standard washing,but sterilizing rate is still very high and can still achieve the requirements of fabric antibacterial finishing.To conclude,the synthesized nano liposome in this paper may be used as hydrogen peroxide bleaching stabilizer of cellulose fibers,reactive dyes and direct dyes dyeing promoter of cellulose fibers and dispersant of nano silver in the preparation process of nano silver sol,and the performance of nano liposome was equivalent to or even more than that of conventional reagents for bleaching,dyeing and antibacterial of cellulose fibers.Nano liposome showed an extraordinary promising potential for future applications.