Study On The Health Evaluation Of The Main Stream Of Songhua River

The relationship between mankind and rivers has undergone a series of changes.Primitive humans live near the rivers and utilize water sources,but they also suffer the dangers brought by river flooding.The development of human society has led humanity to increase the control and development of rivers,a large number of water conservancy projects such as embankments,reservoirs and hydropower stations have been constructed.Most rivers accept waste water from industry,agriculture and residential living.With the gradual deterioration of river water quality,river morphology changes,and human beings are aware of the importance of river protection,begin to utilize and protect rivers in parallel.River health assessment is not only focuses on the river ecosystem,also focuses on the multi-dimensional relationship between the river and the surrounding ecosystem.It also focuses on the relationship between the river conditions and its biological processes.At present,river healt assessment attempts to establish a comprehensive assessment system of river ecosystems and provide technical solutions for river management support.This study is based on a thorough investigation of the ecological environment of the mainstream of the Songhua River and analysis of its changing trends.Identify the influencing factors affecting Songhua River health.Identify the impact factors of the health of rivers in the mainstream of the Songhua River,and establish an evaluation index system that covers comprehensive areas such as hydrology,water resources,aquatic organisms,water quality,riparian physical structure,and social service functions.The evaluation index system was used to evaluate the rivers health status of Songhua River in 2006 and 2015.According to the evaluation results,the influencing factors of rivers health of Songhua River were analyzed,and some countermeasures for the management of Songhua River main stream were put forward.This paper mainly carried out the following work:(1)Establishing the river health assessment system of the Songhua RiverAccording to the natural conditions of the main stream of the Songhua River,ecosystem characteristics,and social service functions,an ecosystem health assessment index system consisting of a target layer,a criterion layer,and indicator layers was constructed,and 14 evaluation indexes and 5 criteria layer evaluations were determined.With scoring standards,and using graded index scoring method,graded weighting for the Songhua River trunk health comprehensive score.(2)Assessing river health of the main Songhua River in 2006 and 2015Through the collection,statistics and analysis of the hydrology and water resources,historical water environment quality data,aquatic biological data and remote sensing interpretation data of the main Songhua River,combined with the field investigation and field monitoring,the main Songhua River in 2006 and 2015 are carried out River health assessment study.Results were shown that health status of the main Songhua River: The river health status increased from 54.9 in 2006 to 64.1 in 2015,an increase of 9.2.The river health turned from a sub-healthy state to a healthy state.2006 was the first year of the 11 th Five-Year Plan of China.2015 was the closing year of the Twelfth Five-Year Plan.Through comparative analysis,it was found that the health status of the mainstream of the Songhua River improved significantly during the decade.To sort out the various laws,regulations and measures implemented by the national and local governments in the past decade,to refine the measures that play an important role in the ecological environment protection of the main stream of the Songhua River,and to clarify the relationship between the economic development of the river basin and environmental protection.(3)Proposing the health management countermeasures of the Songhua RiverAnalysis of the unhealthy characterization of the main rivers in the Songhua River mainly includes the following aspects: the diversity of aquatic organisms such as fish needs to be further improved,the function of wetland resources degenerated,the habitat changes of the rivers are large,and the main pressures of river health in the mainstream of Songhua River are analyzed.Analyzes the influence of river health of main stream of Songhua River on regional food security and international relations and puts forward adaptive management goal of river health of main stream of Songhua River in order to protect the meandering nature of river course,ecosystem integrity,diversity and sustainability of Songhua River main stream,And proposed the health goals of the Songhua River main stream;put forward specific management countermeasures such as ecological scheduling of water conservancy projects,river bank restoration and management,water quality restoration,habitat restoration and wetland ecosystem restoration in Songhuajiang River mainstream;Strengthening the leadership and coordination of the organization,further enhancing the hydrological,water quality and aquatic ecological investigation and monitoring capabilities of river basin agencies,carrying out public participation and strengthening publicity and education.