Research On Index System And Methods For River Health Assessment In The Upper And Middle Reachs Of Huaihe River

Rivers are one of the important carriers of material circulation and energy exchange in the Earth's biosphere,and are the most closely linked ecosystem with the development of human society.Rivers provide an important support for the development of human society and economy under the basis of rivers own structural stability,material energy exchange and water ecosystem balance.However,due to the impact of human activities,the health status of the river ecosystem has been seriously threatened and the structure and function of the rivers have been destroyed.Therefore,the world began to gradually pay attention to river health problems.Carry out river health assessment has been the most necessary one of river ecosystem restoration and river health maintenance conditions.In order to comprehensively evaluate the health status of the upper and middle reaches of the Huaihe River,this paper constructs the comprehensive health evaluation index system of the upper and middle reaches of the Huai River,according to the natural and social service function of this river and the situation of upper reaches of the Huai River.The index system used in this paper includes nine indicators of hydrology,water quality,aquatic life,river physical structure and social service function.The fuzzy hierarchy method was used to determine the membership degree of different indicators of health,and the index matrix was used to determine the index important degree,comprehensively determination of river comprehensive health value.Analyze the health status of different indicators,compare the different areas of river health differences.and put forward the countermeasures for the river management and health restoration in the middle and upper reaches of the Huai River according to the evaluation results.Result shows that the up and middle reaches of huaihe River health score was 0.66,in a sub-Nealth status.By analyzing the upper and middle reaches of the huaihe River health index could reach this conclusion.Dam is the biggest factor affecting hydrological health of upper and middle reaches of huaihe River.Agricultural non-point source pollution,urban sewage are the important factors influencing the health of ecosystems in the upper reaches of the huaihe River.River bank revetment and buffer width is the main factor influencing physical structure of river health.Recommendations are as follows:In hydrological aspects,establishing reasonable of gate dam scheduling specification was very necessary,reduced gate dam on River natural hydrological process of effect role.In water quality aspects,reducing the total pollution from the source was the most important part.through political and economic means encouraging enterprise reduced sewage volume,while improving agricultural irrigation and fertilization way to reduce non-points source pollution.physical structure aspects,while guaranteeing flood control needs on the basis,we need to maintain the rivers natural shape and curvature as much as possible,reduce human renovation.Combining pollution control and river habitat protection,restoring the river's natural form and function.On social service,governor needs to encourage scientific and technological innovation,vigorously develop new industries and energy-saving industries,enhance the awareness of water conservation propaganda and education,improve the efficiency of water use.